A cost effective solution for development of broadband radar absorbing material using electronic waste

Panwar, Ravi; Agarwala, Vijaya; Singh, Dharmendra

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.10.118

Cited by 62 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Further, G (received from Motley Exim Co, New Delhi, India) has been added with F to form FG nanocomposite and corresponding details are mentioned in Table I. The two port transmission/reflection waveguide approach has been used for the measurement of ε', ε'', μ', and μ'' values of composites [9]. The details of experimental setup and measured samples are reported in our previous works [9], [13].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two port transmission/reflection waveguide approach has been used for the measurement of ε', ε'', μ', and μ'' values of composites [9]. The details of experimental setup and measured samples are reported in our previous works [9], [13]. The genetic algorithm (GA) has been employed for the optimization of multilayered heterogeneous composites [11].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have noticed from our previous studies that the material property alone is not sufficient for the wide bandwidth of -10 dB absorption and less thickness below 2.0 mm [9]- [10]. The use of some advanced EM techniques like multi-layering and frequency selective surfaces along with good materials may be expected to provide the unprecedented opportunity to explore an innovative class of thin and broadband EM wave absorber [11]- [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of Ferrite–Graphene-Based Thin Broadband Radar Wave Absorber for Stealth Application

et al. 2015

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Currently a wide range of materials are used for radar wave absorption. But, it is still a very challenging task to develop a thin radar wave absorber that operates for a wide range of frequencies. The main objective of this work was to achieve good absorption with wide bandwidth corresponds to reflection loss (RL) ≤ -10 dB for lower thickness (≤ 2.0 mm) by developing ferrite-graphene (FG) composites. A critical study has been carried out by varying the composition of FG to obtain wideband absorption with lower thickness. The effective complex dielectric permittivity (ε', ε'') and effective complex magnetic permeability (μ', μ'') of composites were measured using transmission/reflection waveguide method in the range of 8.2 to 12.4 GHz. These measured ε', ε'', μ', and μ'' values have been used for the design of single and double layer absorber. The increasing G content in FG composites resulted in a reduction of thickness and wide absorption bandwidth. Further, multilayer approach is adopted to enhance the radar wave absorption with broad bandwidth at a lower absorber layer thickness. The double layer absorber shows a strong RL of -55.28 dB at 10.2 GHz with broad bandwidth of 3.1 GHz in the frequency range of 8.6 to 11.7 GHz. The multi-layering approach facilitated to attain a lower absorber layer thickness of 1.7 mm. Findings provide an effective and feasible way to develop thin and broadband absorber which may be utilized for stealth applications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of Ferrite–Graphene-Based Thin Broadband Radar Wave Absorber for Stealth Application

et al. 2015

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“…Waste materials are getting considerable interest of researchers due to their good dielectric and magnetic properties, ease of availability, and low cost. [3][4][5][6][7][8] So far, less attention is given to the mineral dust and beach sand-based composite RAMs. In general, the effectiveness of the absorber mainly depends on the EM properties of the material (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8][9][10][11] It is still a very challenging job to develop a cost-effective single layer material, which can possess the good absorbing capability with wide bandwidth, moderate or less coating thickness of ≤2.0 mm, due to existing thickness-bandwidth trade-off. Therefore, effort is required to use techniques like multilayering for obtaining thin broadband absorber as suggested by several researchers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An efficient use of waste material for development of cost-effective broadband radar wave absorber

Panwar

Puthucheri

Agarwala

et al. 2015

Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications

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Very few literatures are available on the utilization of natural waste composite materials for radar wave absorption. The main objective of this paper was to achieve good absorption with wide bandwidth corresponds to reflection loss (RL) ≤ −10 dB for less absorber layer thickness (≤2.0 mm) for a cost-effective production of radar wave absorber. In this study, mineral dust and beach sand-based waste composite material is critically analyzed for its application as broadband radar wave absorber in the frequency range of 8.2-12.4 GHz. A multilayer approach is applied for obtaining the good absorption, where thickness of different layers is optimized by genetic algorithm. The effective absorption bandwidth for two-and three-layer composite absorber is 3.5 and 2.8 GHz for the optimized thickness 1.9 and 1.8 mm, respectively. The two-layer absorber possesses measured RL of −27.20 dB at 10.8 GHz and for a three-layer absorber, RL reaches up to −32.58 dB at 11.2 GHz. The measured RL values agree quite well with the calculated ones, which show the effectiveness of absorber for various practical EM wave absorption applications.

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Hybrid carbonaceous materials for radar absorbing poly(vinylidene fluoride) composites with multilayered structures

et al. 2021

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Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) based composites loaded with 3 wt% of carbon black (CB), graphite (GF), and the hybrid CB/GF (1.5/1.5 wt%) were prepared by melt mixing and tested as microwave absorbing material at X-band frequencies (8-12 GHz). The materials were processed and pressed at 220 C into plates of 20 × 20 × 0.1 cm 3. Dielectric and magnetic properties were evaluated using the wave-guide accessory to simulate the reflectivity of singlelayered PVDF composites through impedance matching behavior. The best absorbing properties were achieved with the composite loaded with the CB/GF hybrid material, whose maximum of radiation attenuation of −33 dB at 9.3 GHz was predicted with 4 mm thickness. Afterwards, the reflectivity of sandwiched structures (20 × 20 cm 2 in size) with one-layer honeycomb core sandwiched by two plates of PVDF composites was measured. The PVDF/HBhoneycomb-PVDF/HB structure reached reflection loss = −12 dB (E a = 94%) on a broadband frequency. CB/GF hybrid material in PVDF composites has a promising future as a lightweight and cost-effective microwave absorbing materials for both telecommunication and stealth technology.

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A cost effective solution for development of broadband radar absorbing material using electronic waste

Cited by 62 publications

References 33 publications

Design of Ferrite–Graphene-Based Thin Broadband Radar Wave Absorber for Stealth Application

Design of Ferrite–Graphene-Based Thin Broadband Radar Wave Absorber for Stealth Application

An efficient use of waste material for development of cost-effective broadband radar wave absorber

Hybrid carbonaceous materials for radar absorbing poly(vinylidene fluoride) composites with multilayered structures

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