A county-level spatial epidemiological study of hair selenium and Keshan disease

Abstract

BackgroundNo spatial analysis of hair selenium and Keshan disease (KD) on a nationwide county-level has been performed. Selenium deficiency is a recognized environmental risk factor for KD. Hair selenium is one of the recognized biomarkers of selenium nutrition. This study aimed to perform a geographically precise and visualized assessment of the achievement of KD prevention and control at the level of selenium nutrition in terms of etiology.MethodsA spatial ecological study was conducted. The hair selenium content of the residents was assayed using an atomic fluorescence spectrometer. The spatial analysis was performed using ArcGIS.ResultsThe median of the hair selenium levels of the 3,028 participants in the 1,174 counties was 0.38 mg/kg, and the content of inhabitants in KD endemic counties was significantly lower than that in KD non-endemic counties (0.34 vs. 0.39 mg/kg, z = −10.03, P < 0.0001). The proportion of Se-deficient and Se-marginal counties in KD endemic counties was significantly higher than that in KD non-endemic counties (59.4 vs. 29.0%, z = −7.45, P < 0.0001). The global autocorrelation analysis was not statistically significant (Moran's I = 0.0005, P = 0.68). Local autocorrelation analysis identified 174 low-low clusters of hair selenium levels, 83 (47.7%) of which are KD endemic counties located in KD endemic provinces of Henan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Jilin, and Heilongjiang. The hair selenium featured a positive correlation with per capita GDP (rs = 0.20, P < 0.0001).ConclusionThe median of the hair selenium levels of inhabitants living in KD endemic counties was significantly lower than that in KD non-endemic counties. All the 83 KD endemic counties with low-low clusters of hair selenium levels should be prioritized in KD precision prevention and control. These findings are geographically precise and visualized evidence of the assessment of the effectiveness of KD prevention and control at the level of selenium nutrition in terms of etiology.

Selenadiazole-Induced Hela Cell Apoptosis through the Redox Oxygen Species-Mediated JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway

“…Selenium (Se) is a micronutrient acting as an inflammation, oxidant, and tumor suppressor in humans. , The paucity of selenium throughout the metabolism is bound up with Keshan disease, malignant tumors, and infertility. − Notably, prior studies have highlighted its extraordinary effects in abrogating hepatocellular carcinoma, colon cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, and even H1N1 virus infection through ROS-induced apoptosis. , Selenadiazole, a synthetic agent, exerts an antiproliferation function in human breast adrenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells and is also a radiosensitizer in melanoma A375 cell. , In MCF-7, selenadiazole elicits an overabundance of oxidants and DNA fragmentation, thus activating caspase, Bcl-2, and other pro-apoptosis proteins. Simultaneously, selenadiazole enhances the sensitivity of radiotherapy by eliciting G2/M cell cycle arrest and ascending the ROS level, which synergistically hinders cancerous activity.…”

“… 8 , 9 The paucity of selenium throughout the metabolism is bound up with Keshan disease, malignant tumors, and infertility. 10 − 12 Notably, prior studies have highlighted its extraordinary effects in abrogating hepatocellular carcinoma, colon cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, and even H1N1 virus infection through ROS-induced apoptosis. 13 , 14 Selenadiazole, a synthetic agent, exerts an antiproliferation function in human breast adrenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells and is also a radiosensitizer in melanoma A375 cell.…”