A Coupled Atmosphere–Wave–Ocean Modeling System: Simulation of the Intensity of an Idealized Tropical Cyclone

Liu, Bin; Liu, Huiqing; Xie, Lian; Guan, Changlong; Zhao, Dongliang

doi:10.1175/2010mwr3396.1

Cited by 120 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Thus, SWH differences up to 1.2 m occur over the areas of the maximum wind speed reduction (e.g., the area between the Balearic and Tyrrhenian seas). Similar results have been also observed by Doyle (2002), Janssen (2004), Liu et al (2011), andRenault et al (2012).…”

Section: System Configurationsupporting

confidence: 90%

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A fully coupled atmosphere–ocean wave modeling system for the Mediterranean Sea: interactions and sensitivity to the resolved scales and mechanisms

et al. 2016

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Abstract. It is commonly accepted that there is a need for a better understanding of the factors that contribute to air-sea interactions and their feedbacks. In this context it is important to develop advanced numerical prediction systems that treat the atmosphere and the ocean as a unified system. The realistic description and understanding of the exchange processes near the ocean surface requires knowledge of the sea state and its evolution. This can be achieved by considering the sea surface and the atmosphere as a continuously crosstalking dynamic system. Following and adapting concepts already developed and implemented in large-scale numerical weather models and in hurricane simulations, this study aims to present the effort towards developing a new, highresolution, two-way fully coupled atmosphere-ocean wave model in order to support both operational and research activities. A specific issue that is emphasized is the determination and parameterization of the air-sea momentum fluxes in conditions of extremely high and time-varying winds. Software considerations, data exchange as well as computational and scientific performance of the coupled system, the so-called WEW (worketa-wam), are also discussed. In a case study of a high-impact weather and sea-state event, the wind-wave parameterization scheme reduces the resulted wind speed and the significant wave height as a response to the increased aerodynamic drag over rough sea surfaces. Overall, WEW offers a more realistic representation of the momentum exchanges in the ocean wind-wave system and includes the effects of the resolved wave spectrum on the drag coefficient and its feedback on the momentum flux.

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Section: System Configurationsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Generally, at shorter and even more at longer scales, reliable results can be obtained by considering the fluid layer surrounding Earth as a single system. This means to simulate the atmosphere and the ocean as a single fully coupled system and to construct multi-model, multi-scale integrated systems (Liu et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fully coupled atmosphere–ocean wave modeling system for the Mediterranean Sea: interactions and sensitivity to the resolved scales and mechanisms

et al. 2016

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“…Doyle (2002) found that including atmosphere-surface wave coupling for three simulated hurricanes produced negligible instantaneous maximum wind speeds (< 0.1 ms -1 average of three cases over four time periods) and led to a one meter smaller significant wave heights compared to the uncoupled simulations. However, idealized air-ocean-wave coupled model hurricane simulations by Liu et al (2011) indicated the atmospheresurface wave coupling increased the maximum wind speed by 8 ms -1 . In their idealized simulations, the TC intensity in the coupled atmosphere-ocean-wave model was generally reduced relative to the uncoupled simulation due to the larger ocean cooling underneath the TC.…”

Section: E Surface Wave Effects On the Upper-ocean Mixingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Modeling Interaction of a Tropical Cyclone with Its Cold Wake

Chen

Elsberry

Harr

2017

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank)2. REPORT DATE September 2014 REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED 12a. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENTApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE ABSTRACT (maximum 200 words)This dissertation examines the tropical cyclone (TC) intensity response to its cold wake first with five idealized cold wakes using an uncoupled version of the Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Modeling System for Tropical Cyclone (COAMPS-TC) and then with simulated cold wakes from the coupled version. These simulations reveal a new dynamical pathway induced by the ocean cold wake that acts in concert with the conventional thermodynamic pathway to modulate the TC structure and intensity change. Wakes with a long trailing part or an irregular shape below the eyewall region force a dynamic response that tends to offset the negative feedback effect of reduced enthalpy flux. In particular, a low-level jet-like feature referred to as the "wake jet" is found at the top of the atmospheric boundary layer above the trailing cold wake. Significant wake cooling underneath the eye also tends to damp the vorticity gradient in the eyewall region, which forces the eyewall to transition from an unstable ring vortex to a stable Rankine-like vortex. and then with simulated cold wakes from the coupled version. These simulations reveal a new dynamical pathway induced by the ocean cold wake that acts in concert with the conventional thermodynamic pathway to modulate the TC structure and intensity change. SUBJECT TERMS

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“…Zhao et al (2006) proposed an SSGF dependent on the windÁsea wave Reynolds number for droplets with radii of 30Á500 mm. To extend the SSGF to droplets with radii under 30 mm, we used the same method as Liu et al (2011. introduced the whitecap coverage function into the SSGF of Monahan (1986) and developed a windÁsea Reynolds number-dependent SSGF for droplets smaller than 20 mm.…”

Section: Improved Wind Stress Parameterisation From Comparing the Usmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of waves and sea spray on modelling storm track and development

Wu¹,

Rutgersson²,

Larsén³

2015

Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography

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A B S T R A C TIn high wind speed conditions, sea spray generated by intensely breaking waves greatly influences the wind stress and heat fluxes. Measurements indicate that the drag coefficient decreases at high wind speeds. The sea spray generation function (SSGF), an important term of wind stress parameterisation at high wind speeds, is usually treated as a function of wind speed/friction velocity. In this study, we introduce a wave-state-dependent SSGF and wave-age-dependent Charnock number into a high wind speedÁwind stress parameterisation. The newly proposed wind stress parameterisation and sea spray heat flux parameterisation were applied to an atmosphereÁwave coupled model to study the mid-latitude storm development of six storm cases. Compared with measurements from the FINO1 platform in the North Sea, the new wind stress parameterisation can reduce wind speed simulation errors in the high wind speed range. Considering only sea spray impact on wind stress (and not on heat fluxes) will intensify the storms (in terms of minimum sea level pressure and maximum wind speed), but has little effect on the storm tracks. Considering the impact of sea spray on heat fluxes only (not on wind stress) can improve the model performance regarding air temperature, but it has little effect on the storm intensity and storm track performance. If the impact of sea spray on both the wind stress and heat fluxes is taken into account, the model performs best in all experiments for minimum sea level pressure, maximum wind speed and air temperature.

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A Coupled Atmosphere–Wave–Ocean Modeling System: Simulation of the Intensity of an Idealized Tropical Cyclone

Cited by 120 publications

References 86 publications

A fully coupled atmosphere–ocean wave modeling system for the Mediterranean Sea: interactions and sensitivity to the resolved scales and mechanisms

A fully coupled atmosphere–ocean wave modeling system for the Mediterranean Sea: interactions and sensitivity to the resolved scales and mechanisms

Modeling Interaction of a Tropical Cyclone with Its Cold Wake

The impact of waves and sea spray on modelling storm track and development

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