2013
DOI: 10.1021/ja402274g
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A Coupling of Benzamides and Donor/Acceptor Diazo Compounds To Form γ-Lactams via Rh(III)-Catalyzed C–H Activation

Abstract: The coupling of O-pivaloyl benzhydroxamic acids with donor/acceptor diazo compounds provides iso-indolones in high yield. The reaction tolerates a broad range of benzhydroxamic acids and diazo compounds including substituted 2,2,2-trifluorodiazo ethanes. Mechanistic experiments suggest that C–H activation is turnover limiting and irreversible, while insertion of the diazo compound favors electron deficient substrates.

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Cited by 479 publications
(151 citation statements)
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“…When 1e was and 1k were reacted at the same time,t he reaction favored the electron-deficient Nnitrosoaniline in a1 .33:1 ratio (Scheme 5b), thus implying that the CÀHa ctivation probably occurs by ac oncerted metalation-deprotonation (CMD) mechanism. [14] Moreover, an otable primary kinetic isotope effect was observed (K H / K D = 4.0), thus suggesting that C À Hbond cleavage should be involved in the rate-limiting step (Scheme 5c).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…When 1e was and 1k were reacted at the same time,t he reaction favored the electron-deficient Nnitrosoaniline in a1 .33:1 ratio (Scheme 5b), thus implying that the CÀHa ctivation probably occurs by ac oncerted metalation-deprotonation (CMD) mechanism. [14] Moreover, an otable primary kinetic isotope effect was observed (K H / K D = 4.0), thus suggesting that C À Hbond cleavage should be involved in the rate-limiting step (Scheme 5c).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[65] Gratifyingly, a range of γ-lactams could be formed using this method. The mechanism features the generation of a rhodium carbenoid, which can undergo 1,1-migratory insertion to form the six-membered rhodacyclic intermediate.…”
Section: Rhodium Catalysismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recently, diazo compounds have been widely employed as a class of versatile alkylation reagents in metal catalyzed C-H alkylation [26][27][28][29]. In 2010, Yu reported a highly regioselective approach for C2 alkylation of free (N-H)-indoles and aryldiazoesters catalyzed by Ruthenium catalyst [30].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%