A Covert Communication Model Based on Least Significant Bits Steganography in Voice over IP

Tian, Hui; Zhou, Ke; Huang, Yudong; Feng, Dan; Liu, Jin

doi:10.1109/icycs.2008.394

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The main idea behind our proposed new steganography approach, which attempts to strike a good balance between embedding transparency and capacity as detailed next, stems from these observations. Let us assume that, M = {m 1 , m 2 , …, m L } is the bit set of a given secret message (it may be encrypted beforehand, which is irrelevant in this scheme), where L is the length of the secret message; B = {b 1 , b 2 , …, b N } is the LSB set of each VoIP packet, where, N is the total number of LSBs, and the selection of LSBs can refer to previous methods [9]. We divide B into S parts, namely, B = {B' 1 , B' 2 , …, B' S }, where…”

Section: The Adaptive Steganography Scheme For Voipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, a typically short VoIP connection does not give eavesdroppers a sufficient amount of time to detect possible abnormity due to hidden messages. Recently, some researchers have noticed the advantages of and carried out useful studies on steganography over VoIP [5][6][7][8][9]. However, all of these studies adopt the same simple embedding strategy, replacing the least significant bits (LSBs) of the cover speech with the binary bits of secret messages or their encrypted form without leveraging the characteristics of LSBs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the tests, we typically choose G. 729a [14] as the codec of the cover speech. Similarly, we define the LSBs based on the observation that the parameters of fixed codebook in G.729a have the best transparency for information hiding [9,13]. Our tests focus on performance comparison between the traditional LSBs substitution method and the proposed adaptive steganography method.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We evaluate the proposed scheme in StegTalk [9], a prototypical covert communication system based on VoIP. StegTalk supports typical coders, such as ITU-T G.711, G.723.1, G.729a, etc.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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An adaptive steganography scheme for voice over IP

Tian

Zhou

Jiang

et al. 2009

2009 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems

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Abstract-This paper presents an adaptive steganography scheme for Voice over IP (VoIP). Differing from existing steganography techniques for VoIP, this scheme enhances the embedding transparency by taking into account the similarity between Least Significant Bits (LSBs) and embedded messages. Moreover, we introduce the notion of Partial Similarity Value (PSV). By properly setting the threshold PSV, we can adaptively balance the embedding transparency and capacity. We evaluate the effectiveness of this scheme with G.729a as the codec of the cover speech in StegTalk, a covert communication system based on VoIP. The experimental results demonstrate that our technique provides better performance than the traditional method.

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Section: The Adaptive Steganography Scheme For Voipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We evaluate the proposed scheme in StegTalk [9], a prototypical covert communication system based on VoIP. StegTalk supports typical coders, such as ITU-T G.711, G.723.1, G.729a, etc.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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An adaptive steganography scheme for voice over IP

Tian

Zhou

Jiang

et al. 2009

2009 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems

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“…These methods range from simple techniques that insert information in the form of noise in audio signal to more powerful methodologies using signal processing techniques. Many audio steganography methods use Least Significant Bit (LSB) insertion technique [4,6] to hide the secret message. But techniques have been developed to detect secret message which is present at LSB position [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hybrid Model for Secure Data Transfer in Audio Signals using HCNN and DD DWT

vani¹,

Prasad²

2013

IJACSA

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Abstract-In today's world, there are a number of cryptographic and steganography techniques used in order to have secured data transfer between a sender and a receiver. In this paper a new hybrid approach that integrates the merits of cryptography and audio steganography is presented. First, the original message is encrypted using chaotic neural network and the resultant cipher text is embedded into a cover audio using Double Density Discrete Wavelet Transform (DD DWT). The resultant stego audio is transmitted to the receiver and the reverse process is done in order to get back the original plain text. The proposed method presents a Steganography scheme along with the cryptography scheme which enhances the security of the algorithm.

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Universal steganography model for low bit-rate speech codec

Tang

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2015

Security Comm. Networks

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Low bit-rate speech codec offers so many advantages over other codecs that it has become increasingly popular in audio communications such as mobile and Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) communications, and thus, researching steganography in low bit-rate speech codec is of important significance. In this study, we proposed a universal VoIP steganography model for low bit-rate speech codec that uses the PESQ deterioration rate and the decoding error to automatically choose a data-embedding algorithm for each VoIP bitstream, which enables ones to achieve covert communications using a low bitrate speech codec efficiently and securely. Because no or little attention has been paid to steganography in Internet Speech Audio Codec, it was chosen as the test codec to verify the effectiveness, security, and practicability of the proposed steganography model. The experimental results show that, with the proposed steganography model, it achieved the average PESQ deterioration rate of 4.04% (less than 5%, indicating strong imperceptibility) and a high data-hiding capacity up to 12 bits/frame (400 bits/s, three times larger than other methods), and the proposed steganography model could effectively resist the latest steganalysis.

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A Covert Communication Model Based on Least Significant Bits Steganography in Voice over IP

Cited by 37 publications

References 10 publications

An adaptive steganography scheme for voice over IP

An adaptive steganography scheme for voice over IP

A Hybrid Model for Secure Data Transfer in Audio Signals using HCNN and DD DWT

Universal steganography model for low bit-rate speech codec

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