“…Several attempts have been made to predict ductile failure, usually through the use of some form of damage-accumulation model based on continuum mechanics. [34][35][36][37][38][39] Anisotropic material behavior is another area that has not received a great deal of attention. One approach that is currently being developed is to include anisotropy based on crystallographic measurements to determine the grain orientation and, hence, the anisotropic properties in terms of the material texture.…”