A criterion for thermally-induced failure of electrical cable

Fisher, R. P.; Stoliarov, Stanislav I.; Keller, Michael R.

doi:10.1016/j.firesaf.2015.02.002

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The ASTM method was used to calculate the activation energy. Fisher et al 7 investigated the impact of time on nonmetallic-sheathed cable failure. Several experiments were made, and they found that the time to electrical cable failure is highly dependent on its temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Typical Plastic Waste

et al. 2020

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Global plastics production increased over the past few decades, and some alternatives that have been developed to manage plastic wastes are recycling and the energy-recovery method. It is important to better understand the reaction mechanism and kinetic model of plastic waste pyrolysis. The pyrolysis kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cable sheath were studied in detail. The Flynn−Wall−Ozawa (FWO) method was used to calculate the activation energy values, and the Coats−Redfern (CR) model-fitting method was used to determine the reaction mechanism. Three pyrolysis stages can be found in three temperature ranges. The first two stages correspond to the conversion rate of 0.10−0.60 and 0.60−0.85, respectively. The estimated activation energy values range from 132.78 to 149.5 kJ mol −1 with a mean value of 141.54 kJ mol −1 at the first stage, while they fall in between 193.85 and 266.44 kJ mol −1 with a mean value of 235.37 kJ mol −1 at the second stage. The contracting-area model and the fifth-order model are recommended to describe the pyrolysis reaction mechanisms of PVC cable sheath at the first two stages, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters were also calculated to prove the feasibility of plastic pyrolysis into energy and provide strong support for establishing the pyrolysis model and optimizing the actual reaction device.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Typical Plastic Waste

et al. 2020

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“…Before being rated through large-scale tests, cables and more especially sheath materials are often assessed using small-scale lab tests such as Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) [2], cone calorimeter [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], thermal analysis [9,12,13] and more recently microscale calorimeter (MCC) [14][15][16][17][18]. Other less conventional small and intermediate scale tests or methods have been also developed and used [19][20][21][22][23][24]. With regard to LOI, a common statement reports that cable sheathing exhibiting LOI value over 30 enables cables to meet most of large scale tests [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire behaviour of electrical cables in cone calorimeter: Influence of cables structure and layout

Magalie

Caro

Rodolphe

et al. 2018

Fire Safety Journal

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The fire performances of small telecom halogen-free cables were measured using cone calorimeter by changing several test conditions (heat flux, number and spacing of cables) and cable properties (sheath thickness and insulation mass). An analytical phenomenological fitting was proposed to predict accurately main fire performances (time-to-ignition, peaks of heat release rate and time to peak of heat release rate) from a set of 42 tests. The phenomenological model also assesses quantitatively the influence of different test conditions and cable properties. It appears that time-to-ignition is only dependent on heat flux. Moreover the influence of sheath is pointed out to delay the occurrence of the main peak of heat release rate corresponding to the decomposition of non-flame retarded insulation. The fitting allows better predicting the fire hazard in case of cables burning.

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“…Electrical cables have an insulation layer which is potentially flammable and may decompose at high temperatures. In nuclear power plants, electrical wire is a major source of fire ignition, consisting of 42% of total fires (Fisher, et al, 2015). Most electrical fires are caused by short circuit, overheating and worn wire with the ignition of insulation attached to the wires (Wang, et al, 2016).…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying a Bayesian Network Methodology to an Offshore gas Turbine Driven Power Generator to Demonstrate the Cause and Effect Relationship of the Turbine Running Over-speed and the Associated Switchboard Failures

Loughney¹,

Wang²,

Matellini³

2019

Proceedings of the 29th European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL)

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This paper investigates the benefits of applying a Bayesian Network in quantitative risk assessment of the integrity of an offshore gas turbine driven generator. The focus of the research is based on the potential failures and incidents associated with an offshore gas turbine running overspeed and failures within the switchboard. The potential consequences that follow said failures, such as fire, explosion and damage to mechanical equipment are also factored into the analysis. A methodology is outlined in order to construct a coherent BN model. This methodology consists of several steps, starting with identifying variables, to then constructing a qualitative BN model from these variables. The methodology culminates in validation of the BN model. A case study, regarding individual and combined component failures is also applied to demonstrate and validate the methodology. The Bayesian network allows the cause-effect relationships to be modelled through clear graphical representation. Similarly, the model can accommodate for continual updating of failure data. Partial validity of the model is demonstrated against some benchmark axioms. It is vital to maintain that the model must remain practical and close to reality from the perspective of gathering data and generating results.

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A criterion for thermally-induced failure of electrical cable

Cited by 23 publications

References 9 publications

Pyrolysis Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Typical Plastic Waste

Pyrolysis Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Typical Plastic Waste

Fire behaviour of electrical cables in cone calorimeter: Influence of cables structure and layout

Applying a Bayesian Network Methodology to an Offshore gas Turbine Driven Power Generator to Demonstrate the Cause and Effect Relationship of the Turbine Running Over-speed and the Associated Switchboard Failures

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