A critical assessment of the in-vitro measurement of cortical bone stiffness with ultrasound

Peralta, Laura; Cai, Xiran; Laugier, Pascal; Grimal, Quentin

doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2017.05.009

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Longitudinal stiffness coefficients ( c ii ) were calculated from the BWUS velocity ( v ii ) and the apparent density ( ρ ) as,where i is 1, 2 or 3, and denotes the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave 81 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computed tomography porosity and spherical indentation for determining cortical bone millimetre-scale mechanical properties

Boughton

Cai

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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The cortex of the femoral neck is a key structural element of the human body, yet there is not a reliable metric for predicting the mechanical properties of the bone in this critical region. This study explored the use of a range of non-destructive metrics to measure femoral neck cortical bone stiffness at the millimetre length scale. A range of testing methods and imaging techniques were assessed for their ability to measure or predict the mechanical properties of cortical bone samples obtained from the femoral neck of hip replacement patients. Techniques that can potentially be applied in vivo to measure bone stiffness, including computed tomography (CT), bulk wave ultrasound (BWUS) and indentation, were compared against in vitro techniques, including compression testing, density measurements and resonant ultrasound spectroscopy. Porosity, as measured by micro-CT, correlated with femoral neck cortical bone’s elastic modulus and ultimate compressive strength at the millimetre length scale. Large-tip spherical indentation also correlated with bone mechanical properties at this length scale but to a lesser extent. As the elastic mechanical properties of cortical bone correlated with porosity, we would recommend further development of technologies that can safely measure cortical porosity in vivo .

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computed tomography porosity and spherical indentation for determining cortical bone millimetre-scale mechanical properties

Boughton

Cai

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…Photopolymer was selected as the tissue-mimicking material of the cranial bones. Its basic acoustic parameters, i.e., longitudinal and shear velocity and attenuation, were respectively measured as c l = 2462m/s, c s = 1129m/s and α = 4dB/MHz/cm by using the ultrasound transmission method [35]. The longitudinal velocity of the material was close to that of the cranial bones, and the material was thus suitable for phantom construction of cranial bones [36].…”

Section: Simulation and Experiments A 3d Printed Phantom Prepatrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ray Theory-Based Transcranial Phase Correction for Intracranial Imaging: A Phantom Study

Jiang

et al. 2019

IEEE Access

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Ultrasonic imaging provides a non-invasive way to diagnose brain disease. However, due to imaging degradation effects from the phase-aberration and reverberation, it is still challenging to achieve an accurate transcranial imaging. The objective of this work is to improve the quality of transcranial imaging. To this end, a ray theory based transcranial phase correction method was proposed to correct the phase abberation induced by cranial bones. With the pre-knowledge of the shape and longitudinal velocity of the cranial bones, the corrected phases are derived by solving eikonal equation (ray-theory). The Ideal Synthetic Aperture Focusing Technique (I-SAFT) is applied for signal acquisitions in simulations and in-vitro phantom experiment with one-element transmitting and all-element receiving method. Dynamic focusing is achieved at each imaging position with I-SAFT and the transcranial imaging distortion is modified with the proposed phase correction method. Simulations and experiments show that the imaging distortion of target circular phantoms was corrected, and the imaging quality is improved after the phase correction. With the proposed method, the average error of the central position of target phantoms decreases from 1.98 mm to 0.21 mm, the eccentricity of fitted ellipse averagely decreases from 0.63 to 0.19, and the average maximum luminance contrast of phantoms improves from 37.36dB to 42.41dB. It is illustrated that the proposed ray-theory based phase correction method might be useful for intracranial imaging.

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“…The validation of the measurement of bone elasticity with RUS relies (1) on the successful measurement of a reference transverse isotropic material with a Q-factor similar as bone's Q-factor 22 ; (2) on the comparison of the stiffness constants obtained with RUS and from the independent measurement of the time-of-flight of shear and longitudinal waves in bone specimens 16,17 ; and (3) on the results of the present study focused on the quantification of accuracy errors. The latter suggest that despite the typical non-perfect geometry of bone specimens and despite the relatively large uncertainty in the measurement of the bone resonance frequencies (due to attenuation), the stiffness constants are obtained with a maximum error of a few percents.…”

Section: Deviationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The final result can be affected by some factors, including the size of the measured specimen compared to the wavelength, the presence of heterogeneities, or the signal processing required to estimate the time of flight to calculate velocity 15,16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of stiffness measurement errors in resonant ultrasound spectroscopy of human cortical bone

Cai

Peralta

Gouttenoire³

et al. 2017

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) is the state-of-the-art method used to investigate the elastic properties of anisotropic solids. Recently, RUS was applied to measure human cortical bone, an anisotropic material with low Q-factor (20), which is challenging due to the difficulty in retrieving resonant frequencies. Determining the precision of the estimated stiffness constants is not straightforward because RUS is an indirect method involving minimizing the distance between measured and calculated resonant frequencies using a model. This work was motivated by the need to quantify the errors on stiffness constants due to different error sources in RUS, including uncertainties on the resonant frequencies and specimen dimensions and imperfect rectangular parallelepiped (RP) specimen geometry. The errors were first investigated using Monte Carlo simulations with typical uncertainty values of experimentally measured resonant frequencies and dimensions assuming a perfect RP geometry. Second, the exact specimen geometry of a set of bone specimens were recorded by synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography. Then, a "virtual" RUS experiment is proposed to quantify the errors induced by imperfect geometry. Results show that for a bone specimen of ∼1° perpendicularity and parallelism errors, an accuracy of a few percent ( <6.2%) for all the stiffness constants and engineering moduli is achievable.

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A critical assessment of the in-vitro measurement of cortical bone stiffness with ultrasound

Cited by 26 publications

References 27 publications

Computed tomography porosity and spherical indentation for determining cortical bone millimetre-scale mechanical properties

Computed tomography porosity and spherical indentation for determining cortical bone millimetre-scale mechanical properties

Ray Theory-Based Transcranial Phase Correction for Intracranial Imaging: A Phantom Study

Quantification of stiffness measurement errors in resonant ultrasound spectroscopy of human cortical bone

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