A critical evaluation of real-time ultrasonography for the study of gallbladder volume and contraction

Everson, Gregory T.; Braverman, D; Johnson, Michael L.; Kern, Fred

doi:10.1016/0016-5085(80)90072-4

Cited by 336 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…in real-time Ultrasonography). However, this approximation can cause an error up to 10% in estimates of GB size [29]. Our model can be improved if the GB volume can be obtained more accurately, which may be possible with improved clinical instrumentation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Correlation of Mechanical Factors and Gallbladder Pain

Luo

Hill

et al. 2007

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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Acalculous biliary pain occurs in patients with no gallstones, but is similar to that experienced by patients with gallstones. Surgical removal of the gallbladder (GB) in these patients is only successful in providing relief of symptoms to about half of those operated on, so a reliable pain-prediction model is needed. In this paper, a mechanical model is developed for the human biliary system during the emptying phase, based on a clinical test in which GB volume changes are measured in response to a standard stimulus and a recorded pain profile. The model can describe the bile emptying behaviour, the flow resistance in the biliary ducts, the peak total stress, including the passive and active stresses experienced by the GB during emptying. This model is used to explore the potential link between GB pain and mechanical factors. It is found that the peak total normal stress may be used as an effective pain indicator for GB pain. When this model is applied to clinical data of volume changes due to Cholecystokinin stimulation and pain from 37 patients, it shows a promising success rate of 88.2% in positive pain prediction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Correlation of Mechanical Factors and Gallbladder Pain

Luo

Hill

et al. 2007

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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“…Gallbladder volume was calculated from longitudinal and transverse ultrasonographic transections of the gallbladder using the sum of cylinders method (11). After fasting volume determination, 4 g of dried egg yolk (Molyork; Toho Chemical Co., Osaka, Japan: 41 kcal; 76 kcal% carbohydrate, 13 kcal% protein, 11 kcal% fat) dissolved in 40 ml of water was administered orally as an endogenous stimulant.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Effects of Endoscopic Papillary Balloon Dilation on Gallbladder Motility

Sugiyama

2004

Dig Dis Sci

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We prospectively studied long-term (5 years) effects of endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (EPBD) on gallbladder motility. Thirteen patients with intact gallbladders (six with and seven without gallbladder stones) who had undergone EPBD for choledocholithiasis were enrolled in this study. Gallbladder volumes, while fasting and after dried egg yolk ingestion, were determined by ultrasonography, before and at 7 days, 1 month, and 1, 2, and 5 years after EPBD. Before EPBD, the gallbladder had a larger fasting volume and lower yolk-stimulated maximum contraction than in normal controls. Seven days after EPBD, fasting volume was decreased and maximum contraction was increased, regardless of whether the patient had gallbladder stones, showing significant differences from the pre-EPBD values. At 1 month to 5 years after EPBD, these changes were far less evident and gallbladder function did not differ significantly from baseline. EPBD does not adversely affect gallbladder motility in the long-term (5 years).

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“…Loxigtumide (CR1505), a potent and specific CCK-A receptor antagonist [14], was kindly provided by Rotta Research Lab- was started to induce endogenous CCK release, At baseline and 30, 60, 75, 90, 115, 120 and 150 min after starting the infusions, gallbladder images for the calculation of gallbladder volume were obtained by real time ultrasonography (Technicare 3.5 MHz transducer). Sagittal and transverse scans of the gallbladder at its largest dimensions were obtained by ultrasound and the gallbladder volume was calculated by the sum of cylinders method, using a computerised system previously validated [15,16]. In this method the longitudinal scan of the gallbladder is divided into a series of cylinders of equal height, with diameters perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the gallbladder image.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of somatostatin and loxiglumide on gallbladder motility

Lieverse

Jansen

Jebbink

et al. 1995

Eur J Clin Pharmacol

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Cholecystokinin (CCK) is the major hormonal stimulus of gallbladder contraction. Both somatostatin and CCK-A receptor antagonists inhibit stimulation of the gallbladder by CCK. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of somatostatin and the CCK-A receptor antagonist loxiglumide (CR 1505) on gallbladder volume at baseline and after feeding. In random order nine healthy subjects received somatostatin (IV loading dose 125 micrograms, followed by IV infusion of 125 micrograms.h-1), loxiglumide (10 mg.kg-1.h-1) and control saline. Gallbladder volumes and plasma CCK levels were measured basally and during stimulation by an intraduodenal infusion of fat using, respectively, ultrasound and a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay. Mean basal gallbladder volume was similar prior to the saline control (28.5 ml), loxiglumide (28.7 ml) and somatostatin (23.4 ml) experiments. In the control experiment, intraduodenal fat led to a significant increase in plasma CCK from 2.6 to 4.8 pmol.1-1, accompanied by contraction of the gallbladder to 2.0 ml. Loxiglumide induced dilatation of the gallbladder to 40 ml and prevented the any contraction in response to intraduodenal fat. During the somatostatin infusion, gallbladder volume remained the same both basally and during fat stimulation. The plasma CCK response to intraduodenal fat was exaggerated by loxiglumide and was abolished by somatostatin.

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A critical evaluation of real-time ultrasonography for the study of gallbladder volume and contraction

Cited by 336 publications

References 10 publications

Correlation of Mechanical Factors and Gallbladder Pain

Correlation of Mechanical Factors and Gallbladder Pain

Long-Term Effects of Endoscopic Papillary Balloon Dilation on Gallbladder Motility

Effects of somatostatin and loxiglumide on gallbladder motility

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