A critical review of AC Microgrid protection issues and available solutions

Memon, Aushiq Ali; Kauhaniemi, Kimmo

doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2015.07.006

Cited by 189 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…A significant consideration for high-speed response of a protective device is the possible loss of DG stability due to a fault on the main grid or the bus to which the DG source is connected. Directly-coupled DG sources are the most vulnerable in this aspect as they are quite sensitive to voltage dips caused by faults and may jeopardize the stability of the DG and hence, the entire network [37].…”

Section: Selection Of a Protection Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

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Protection of Distributed Generation: Challenges and Solutions

Shahzad¹,

Kahrobaee²,

Asgarpoor³

2017

EPE

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Distributed generation (DG) is the future of energy. This technology allows the bidirectional flow of power within an electrical network. Researchers are faced with many challenges to the accurate implementation of protection schemes for DG-connected distribution network. The schemes designed must satisfy the performance requirements of selectivity, reliability, and sensitivity. Most researchers opine that conventional protection schemes based on over current detection are insufficient to completely and accurately protect a DG-connected distributed power system. There are many challenges that need to be tackled before embarking upon the journey to successfully implement these schemes. This paper summarizes the major challenges which one can encounter while designing protection schemes for DG-connected distribution networks. Some possible solutions from the literature are also mentioned. Moreover, a suggested solution for protecting future active distribution networks is provided. It is expected that this paper will act as a benchmark for future researchers in this field to tackle the challenges related to the protection of active distribution networks.

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Section: Selection Of a Protection Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the connection is completed without taking synchronism into account, severe damage can occur to delicate power equipment and the DG source [37]. Figure 9 shows the PCC, designated as "C", where the DG source is to be connected to the main grid.…”

Section: Unsynchronized Reclosingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection of Distributed Generation: Challenges and Solutions

Shahzad¹,

Kahrobaee²,

Asgarpoor³

2017

EPE

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“…For a nonlinear system such as a microgrid, there are numerous applicable nonlinear control systems: describing function method, singular perturbation method, Lyapunov stability analysis, phase plane method, Popov As electronic loads increase, the proportion of CPLs in the overall load will rise. This change in proportion brings about problems in system stability due to the CPL characteristics [3,4]. While these problems were known before, the fraction of CPL was too small to cause much concern, but with changes in electrical energy distribution and consumption occurring worldwide, these problems now require further investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the Development of a Sliding Mode Controller for Constant Power Loads in Microgrids

et al. 2017

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Abstract:To implement renewable energy resources, microgrid systems have been adopted and developed into the technology of choice to assure mass electrification in the next decade. Microgrid systems have a number of advantages over conventional utility grid systems, however, they face severe instability issues due to the continually increasing constant power loads. To improve the stability of the entire system, the load side compensation technique is chosen because of its robustness and cost effectiveness. In this particular occasion, a sliding mode controller is developed for a microgrid system in the presence of constant power loads to assure a certain control objective of keeping the output voltage constant at 480 V. After that, a robustness analysis of the sliding mode controller against parametric uncertainties was performed and the sliding mode controller's robustness against parametric uncertainties, frequency variations, and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) are presented. Later, the performance of the proportional integral derivative (PID) and sliding mode controller are compared in the case of nonlinearity, parameter uncertainties, and noise rejection to justify the selection of the sliding mode controller over the PID controller. All the necessary calculations are reckoned mathematically and results are verified in a virtual platform such as MATLAB/Simulink with a positive outcome.

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“…Along with the various advantages of distributed generators (DGs), they have negative impacts on the performance of the distribution system in terms of the level of fault current, which increases depending upon the location and penetration level [1]. The increase in short-circuit current may cause protection coordination problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of distributed generator controllers on the coordination of overcurrent relays in microgrid

Choudhary¹,

Mohanty²,

Singh³

2017

Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci

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Abstract:In the presence of distributed generators (DGs) the fault current sensed by relay in the forward direction is larger than that in the reverse direction. Thus, it is required to have different relay settings for both forward and reverse directions. This paper investigates the impact of DG controller operating modes on the coordination of conventional and dual setting overcurrent relays (OCRs). The different DG control modes are voltage control mode (VCM) and current control mode (CCM). A comparative study of protection coordination is presented in both the operating modes of the DG. This scheme is tested on a 3-bus meshed system and the IEEE 34-node distribution system in which an electronically interfaced DG is connected. The protection coordination problem is formulated as a nonlinear programming problem and the optimal settings of OCRs are determined by using a genetic algorithm.

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A critical review of AC Microgrid protection issues and available solutions

Cited by 189 publications

References 40 publications

Protection of Distributed Generation: Challenges and Solutions

Protection of Distributed Generation: Challenges and Solutions

Investigation on the Development of a Sliding Mode Controller for Constant Power Loads in Microgrids

Impact of distributed generator controllers on the coordination of overcurrent relays in microgrid

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