A Critical Review of Hybrid Warfare: Challenges to Pakistan

Abstract

This research paper analyses the dynamics of Hybrid Warfare to envisage its impact upon peace and conflict situation in Pakistan. The research explores how different domains of society have been affected by the application of Hybrid Warfare. Furthermore, the research focuses on the existing and future challenges being faced by Pakistan in the domain of Hybrid Warfare. The term Hybrid warfare has become the modern buzz-word among various circles, including media, academicians, and policy-making spheres. However, there is hardly any agreement on what this concept encompasses. Nonetheless, the widespread usage of the notion in numerous circles proposes that a novel form of warfare has emerged. This research argues that Pakistan is facing multi-dimensional and multidirectional challenges where the dominant threat stems from Eastern neighbour, but the involvement of other state and non-actors further complicates the situation.

The Role of Confidence‐building Measures in the Evolution of Relations Between Pakistan and India

“…5. Several specific issues, like Indian lobbying efforts for the inclusion of Pakistan on the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) grey list and the exposure of the EU Disinfolab (Indian Chronicles) Indian network established to tarnish Pakistan's image on the international front, further sabotage the peace process between the two countries (Haider and Azad 2020).…”

“…The violation of already agreed upon agreements and CBMs also remains a significant impediment to, and spoiler for, existing and future CBMs. The agreement on nuclear and biological weapons, Ceasefire violations along the LoC, and the Indus Basin Water Treaty violation are classic manifestations of this particular issue. Several specific issues, like Indian lobbying efforts for the inclusion of Pakistan on the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) grey list and the exposure of the EU Disinfolab (Indian Chronicles) Indian network established to tarnish Pakistan's image on the international front, further sabotage the peace process between the two countries (Haider and Azad 2020). …”