A Critical Review of Maturity Models in Information Technology and Human Landscapes on Industry 4.0

Industry 4.0 Maturity Models for SMES: Lessons Learned and Recommendations for Their Adoption Based on the Literature Review

“…Especially for SMEs, the digital transformation poses significant challenges (Rauch et al 2019). They mostly are unable to afford the initial high financial investment to build up CPS and IoT (Pessl et al 2017) or employment costs for IT and engineering talent as well as maintenance costs for IT infrastructures (Li & Lau 2019).…”

“…These new approaches often have not yet been truly understood by companies (Krowas & Riedel 2019). According to Rauch et al (2019), entering Industry 4.0 world is particularly challenging for SMEs, where major barriers such as high investment costs in highend software (Li & Lau 2019) and the lack of IT and engineering professionals among others, must be overcome. Although SMEs account for over 90% of companies in many countries (European Commission, With some of the most advanced economies already using Industry 4.0 to increase productivity and flexibility (Posada et al, 2015), competition is increasing (Kumar et al 2020) and so is the pressure to take action to drive seamless horizontal and vertical integration across the enterprise and SC.…”

A Multi Criteria Approach Based on Evaluation of Industry 4.0 Maturity Level: The Case of Logistics Sector

“…Firmaların belirli bir konudaki mevcut durumunu ortaya koyan olgunluk modelleri, yeni teknolojilere geçişte firmalara yardımcı olacak önemli değerlendirme araçlarından biridir (Li, Lau, 2019: 1576. Olgunluk modelleriyle yapılan analizler sonucunda firmalar, güçlü ve zayıf yönlerini belirleyebilir ve hedeflenen sonuçların etkin bir şekilde elde edilmesi için ihtiyaç duyulan kaynaklarını belirleyebilir (Sternad vd., 2018: 698;Li, Lau, 2019: 1576. Bu özellikleri ile olgunluk modellerinin, Sanayi 4.0'a geçiş sürecinde firmalara kapsamlı bir yol haritası sunarak yardımcı olabileceği söylenebilir.…”