A critical review of selected membrane- and powder-based adsorbents for water treatment: Sustainability and effectiveness

Dlamini, Derrick S.; Tesha, John Michael; Vilakati, Gcina D.; Mamba, Bhekie B.; Mishra, Ajay Kumar; Thwala, Justice M.; Li, Jianxin

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123497

Cited by 51 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Membrane separation processes have the peculiarity of changing in time the rate of passage of the liquid phase (solvent) through the membrane partition. As indicated in [3,6,7], the dynamics of the ultrafiltration process is conventionally divided into three periods. The initial period is characterized by a decrease in the filtration flow, due to the appearance of osmotic pressure caused by the concentration of the dispersed phase at the membrane surface, as well as blockage of the largest pores of the membrane.…”

Section: Experimental Part and Processing Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing the efficiency of membrane technologies in water treatment processes

Elena¹

2021

J Appl Eng Science

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The twenty-first century is the century of the rapid development of nanotechnologies, which determine the successful dynamics of the country's economy, save energy resources, and ensure a safe ecological level of the environment. Membrane processes have rightfully occupied their niche in various areas of a number of industries. Modern technologies have made it possible to create a wide range of membranes with good mechanical, thermal and chemical properties. The range of membrane devices and installations is also diverse, which are more and more improved from year to year. Water treatment of boiler houses is a necessary process that ensures successful commissioning of technological equipment of industrial enterprises, as well as heating systems. Water treatment systems are high-cost technologies, and these costs increase annually due to annually increasing trends: an increase in tariffs for water use, deterioration of water quality indicators in sources suitable for industrial use, stricter standards for quantitative and qualitative indicators for discharged effluents, increasing quality requirements treated water used in the technological cycle.

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Section: Experimental Part and Processing Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing the efficiency of membrane technologies in water treatment processes

Elena¹

2021

J Appl Eng Science

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“…Among these methods, adsorption has been reported to be the most popular process for its application feasibility and higher efficiency. The commonly used commercial adsorbents are zeolites, activated alumina, silica gel, and synthetic polymers (Baimenov et al 2020 ; Delgado et al 2018 ; Dlamini et al 2020 ; Renu et al 2017 ). In recent years, nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been used as adsorbents for removing heavy metals from water and wastewater (Fiyadh et al 2019 ; Xu et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of lead ions (Pb2+) from water and wastewater: a review on the low-cost adsorbents

Chowdhury

Chowdhury²,

Mazumder³

et al. 2022

Appl Water Sci

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The presence of lead compounds in the environment is an issue. In particular, supply water consumption has been reported to be a significant source of human exposure to lead compounds, which can pose an elevated risk to humans. Due to its toxicity, the International Agency for Research on Cancer and the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) have classified lead (Pb) and its compounds as probable human carcinogens. The European Community Directive and World Health Organization have set the maximum acceptable lead limits in tap water as 10 µg/L. The USEPA has a guideline value of 15 µg/L in drinking water. Removal of lead ions from water and wastewater is of great importance from regulatory and health perspectives. To date, several hundred publications have been reported on the removal of lead ions from an aqueous solution. This study reviewed the research findings on the low-cost removal of lead ions using different types of adsorbents. The research achievements to date and the limitations were investigated. Different types of adsorbents were compared with respect to adsorption capacity, removal performances, sorbent dose, optimum pH, temperature, initial concentration, and contact time. The best adsorbents and the scopes of improvements were identified. The adsorption capacity of natural materials, industrial byproducts, agricultural waste, forest waste, and biotechnology-based adsorbents were in the ranges of 0.8–333.3 mg/g, 2.5–524.0 mg/g, 0.7–2079 mg/g, 0.4–769.2 mg/g, and 7.6–526.0 mg/g, respectively. The removal efficiency for these adsorbents was in the range of 13.6–100%. Future research to improve these adsorbents might assist in developing low-cost adsorbents for mass-scale applications.

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“…So far, organic pollutants are being removed using various methods, including adsorption 3 , membrane separation 4 , biodegradation, and photocatalytic oxidation 5 . Among them, adsorption is preferred because of its reasonable price, high efficiency, ease of use, and environmental friendliness 6 . However, most of the adsorbents available in the market share common disadvantages: low adsorption capacity, weak selectivity, and poor solid-liquid separation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%