A critical review of social and structural conditions that influence HIV risk among Mexican deportees

Pinedo, Miguel; Burgos, José Luis; Ojeda, Victoria D.

doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2014.02.006

Cited by 27 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Tijuana also has a prominent population of migrants, primarily men, who have been deported from the United States and have resettled in Tijuana (Pinedo et al, 2014b(Pinedo et al, , 2015; the city received~316,000 deported migrants between (Instituto Nacional de Migracion, 2011, 2013. Migrants are highly stigmatized in Tijuana, where they are perceived by the community as the cause of prevailing social problems, including increasing rates of crime and drug use (Infante et al, 2012;Pinedo et al, 2014a). Sociocultural and visual differences (e.g., clothes, speech) may quickly distinguish migrants from locals (Infante et al, 2012;Pinedo et al, 2014a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Migrants are highly stigmatized in Tijuana, where they are perceived by the community as the cause of prevailing social problems, including increasing rates of crime and drug use (Infante et al, 2012;Pinedo et al, 2014a). Sociocultural and visual differences (e.g., clothes, speech) may quickly distinguish migrants from locals (Infante et al, 2012;Pinedo et al, 2014a). Recent migrants who are PWID may be less acclimated to the local culture and environment, thus quickly identifiable and vulnerable to police victimization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Tijuana, a Mexican city that borders the United States, accounts of police victimization are widespread among PWID and have been linked to behaviors that increase susceptibility to HIV infection (Beletsky et al, 2012(Beletsky et al, , 2013Infante et al, 2012;Miller et al, 2008;Pinedo et al, 2014aPinedo et al, , 2015Pollini et al, 2008Pollini et al, , 2009Pollini et al, , 2010Strathdee et al, 2005Strathdee et al, , 2008bVolkmann et al, 2011). Community and problematic policing practices can operate as social-structural drivers of HIV infection (Blankenship & Koester, 2002;Miller et al, 2008;Sarang et al, 2010;Strathdee et al, 2008bStrathdee et al, , 2010.…”

Section: P Ersons Who Inject Drugs (Pwid)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Police Victimization Among Persons Who Inject Drugs Along the U.S.–Mexico Border

Pinedo

Burgos

Zúñiga

et al. 2015

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: Problematic policing practices are an important driver of HIV infection among persons who inject drugs (PWID) in the U.S.-Mexico border region. This study identifies factors associated with recent (i.e., past 6 months) police victimization (e.g., extortion, physical and sexual violence) in the border city of Tijuana, Mexico. Method: From 2011 to 2013, 733 PWID (62% male) were recruited in Tijuana and completed a structured questionnaire. Eligible participants were age 18 years or older, injected illicit drugs within the past month, and spoke Spanish or English. Multivariable logistic regression analyses identified correlates of recent experiences of police victimization (e.g., bribes, unlawful confiscation, physical and sexual violence).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: P Ersons Who Inject Drugs (Pwid)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Police Victimization Among Persons Who Inject Drugs Along the U.S.–Mexico Border

Pinedo

Burgos

Zúñiga

et al. 2015

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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“…Deportation from the US can be a traumatic experience. Post-deportation, migrants experience multiple social, emotional, and economic stressors that impact their physical and mental health (Pinedo, Burgos, & Ojeda, 2014). Two recent studies conducted among deported migrants in the US-Mexico border region suggest that deportees display an elevated prevalence of depressive symptoms and mental health problems as compared to the general population and migrants without a history of deportation (Bojorquez, Aguilera, Ramírez, Cerecero, & Mejía, 2014; Bojorquez, Mejia, Aguilar, Cerecero, & Albicker, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these studies were not exclusive to deportees who inject drugs, our primary population of interest. In qualitative studies in Tijuana, deported PWID allude to their poor emotional state as influencing their decisions to participate in high-risk activities (e.g., initiating injection drug use, drug relapse, experimenting with new drugs, paying for sex) (Goldenberg et al, 2011; Goldenberg, Strathdee, Gallardo, & Patterson, 2010; Ojeda et al, 2011; Pinedo, Burgos, & Ojeda, 2014; Robertson, Lozada, et al, 2012). Another study among deported male PWID in Tijuana reported that feeling sad following the most recent deportation was independently associated with trying new drugs post-deportation (Robertson, Rangel, R. Lozada, Vera, & Ojeda, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deportation and mental health among migrants who inject drugs along the US–Mexico border

Pinedo

Burgos

Zúñiga

et al. 2016

Global Public Health

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Objective This study describes the prevalence and factors of depressive symptoms among a sample of persons who inject drugs (PWID) with a history of deportation from the US in Tijuana, Mexico. In 2014, 132 deported PWID completed a structured questionnaire. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression Scale (CESD-10) screening instrument. Eligible participants were ≥18 years old, injected drugs in the past month, spoke English or Spanish, and resided in Tijuana. Multivariate analyses identified factors associated with depressive symptoms. Among deported PWID, 45% reported current symptoms of depression. Deported PWID who were initially detained in the US for a crime-related reason before being deported (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 5.27; 95% CI: 1.79–15.52) and who perceived needing help with their drug use (AOR: 2.15; 95% 1.01–4.61) had higher odds of reporting depressive symptoms. Our findings highlight the need for effective strategies targeting deported migrants who inject drugs to treat mental health and drug abuse in Tijuana. Investing in the mental health of deported PWID may also be a viable HIV prevention strategy.

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A comparison of the effectiveness of respondent‐driven and venue‐based sampling for identifying undiagnosed HIV infection among cisgender men who have sex with men and transgender women in Tijuana, Mexico

Pines

Semple

Magis-Rodríguez

et al. 2021

J. Intern. AIDS Soc.

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Background: Efforts to increase HIV testing, diagnosis and care are critical to curbing HIV epidemics among cisgender men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TW) in low-and middle-income countries (LMIC). We compared the effectiveness of respondent-driven sampling (RDS) and venue-based sampling (VBS) for identifying previously undiagnosed HIV infection among MSM and TW in Tijuana, Mexico. Methods: Between March 2015 and December 2018, we conducted RDS within the social networks of MSM and TW and VBS at venues frequented by MSM and TW to socialize and meet sexual partners. Those reached by RDS/VBS who reported at least 18 years of age, anal sex with MSM or TW, and no previous HIV diagnosis were eligible for HIV testing. Results: Of those screened following recruitment via RDS (N = 1232; 98.6% MSM; 1.3% TW), 60.8% (749/1232) were eligible for HIV testing and 97.5% (730/749) were tested for HIV infection, which led to the identification of 36 newly diagnosed HIV infections (4.9%). Of those screened following recruitment via VBS (N = 2560; 95.2% MSM; 4.6% TW), 56.5% (1446/ 2560) were eligible for HIV testing and 92.8% (1342/1446) were tested for HIV infection, which led to the identification of 82 newly diagnosed HIV infections (6.1%). The proportion of new HIV diagnoses did not differ by recruitment method (ratio = 0.81, 95% confidence interval: 0.55 to 1.18). Compared to those recruited via RDS, those tested following recruitment via VBS were younger, more likely to identify as gay, and more likely to identify as TW. Compared to those recruited via VBS, those newly diagnosed with HIV infection following recruitment via RDS reported higher levels of internalized stigma and were more likely to report injection drug use and a history of deportation from the United States. Conclusions: Despite RDS and VBS being equally effective for identifying undiagnosed HIV infection, each recruitment method reached different subgroups of MSM and TW in Tijuana. Our findings suggest that there may be benefits to using both RDS and VBS to increase the identification of previously undiagnosed HIV infection and ultimately support HIV care engagement among MSM and TW in Mexico and other similar LMIC.

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A critical review of social and structural conditions that influence HIV risk among Mexican deportees

Cited by 27 publications

References 37 publications

Police Victimization Among Persons Who Inject Drugs Along the U.S.–Mexico Border

Police Victimization Among Persons Who Inject Drugs Along the U.S.–Mexico Border

Deportation and mental health among migrants who inject drugs along the US–Mexico border

A comparison of the effectiveness of respondent‐driven and venue‐based sampling for identifying undiagnosed HIV infection among cisgender men who have sex with men and transgender women in Tijuana, Mexico

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