A Critical Review on the Socio-educational Model of SLA

Attitude and Motivation of Students Towards Learning English as Second Language in a Secondary School in Penang

“…In the socio-educational model, motivation to learn a second language plays an important role as there are various factors, which influence the learner (Gardner, 2006). The model states that the motivation is evaluated in terms of three components, which include: The desire to learn the language, attitude towards learning the language and motivational intensity (Taie & Afshari, 2015). Burdens (1977) consider language as a part of one's identity and a means to convey one's identity to other people (Schafer, 2008).…”

“…The acquisition of a second language is more than just learning about new information. It is a process wherein the learners acquire certain elements, which are symbolic to the ethno linguistic community (Taie & Afshari, 2015). The learners or students have to acquire new words, pronunciation, and grammar and learn the new concepts, new ways of saying different things and new words order, which together will enable the learners to acquire knowledge about the new language effectively (Mariadass & Kashef, 2012).…”

“…Gardner's model has since its development and evolvement, focuses on six latent constructs, which include: aptitude of the language, motivation, attitude towards learning situation, integrativeness, language anxiety and language achievement (Taie & Afshari, 2015). The learning situation has to be conducive for the learners to be able to understand the new aspects of the language (Schafer, 2008).…”

“…The language achievement and anxiety is related to the attitude of the learners, which they develop based on the earlier discussed components of affective, behavioural and cognitive abilities of the learner. Kumaravadivelu (2006) also emphasizes that language learning also depends on the social and political forces of power and domination impact on the use and structure of the language (Taie & Afshari, 2015).…”

“…Attitude and motivation among the learners can be developed by creating a good environment for the learners or students and developing different approaches to develop the language skills (Taie & Afshari, 2015). The institutions need to identify and measure the characteristics of successful language learner and improve the process of language teaching.…”