A critical view of pharmacy education and practice in Kenya

Okumu, Mitchel Otieno; Ochola, Francis Okumu; Onyango, Mary Atieno

doi:10.5530/jyp.2017.9.25

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Boundary: The term 'boundary' refers to a line that marks and defines the confines of a state, distinguishing its sovereign territory from those of others. 8 A more elaborate conceptualization of boundary has been given by Okumu 9 to the effect that:…”

Section: Cejiss 2/2019mentioning

confidence: 99%

Borderlines, Natural Resources and Conflicts: Towards a Territorial Materialism of Boundary Disputes in East Africa

Okoli

Ngwu

2019

CEJISS

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This article seeks to examine the phenomenon of boundary disputes in East Africa. By way of a case-study approach, guided by the theory of territorial materialism, the study posits that the ‘colonial causation’ narrative, exemplified in the ethnic partitioning/disintegration hypothesis, does not wholly explain contemporary boundary/border disputes in East Africa, but also elsewhere in the continent. The article posits that contemporary boundary disputes in the focal area are largely associated with territorial struggles motivated by the quest for the control of geostrategic and economic resources on the affected borderlines. The article also advances an agenda for a sub-regional mechanism for border governance and security as the way forward.

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Section: Cejiss 2/2019mentioning

confidence: 99%

Borderlines, Natural Resources and Conflicts: Towards a Territorial Materialism of Boundary Disputes in East Africa

Okoli

Ngwu

2019

CEJISS

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“…Adults are controlled by spraying chemical insecticides, excess usage would results in development of resistance and it also act as a source for delivering hereditary protection to the mosquitoes against these insecticides. Larval phases of mosquitoes are controlled through synthetic larvicides or plant extracts as larvicides (Okumu, 2017) [17] . A herbaceous perennial plant Chromoleana odorata, commonly named Eupatorium odoratum, can be found as tangled, dense bushes (Anyasor et al, 2011) [3] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis and Larvicidal Property of Chromolaena odorata (L.) against Culex quinquefasciatus

Kumar,

Kowsalya,

Jeyasankar

2023

Int. J. Mosq. Res.

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Mosquitoes are most dangerous insect in the world and they cause many diseases to birds, animals and humans. The control of mosquitoes using plant product is more effectiveness. The current study evaluates the larvicidal bioassay of Chromolaena odorata leaf extracts carried out against fourth instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus. The extracts were obtained from solvent such as Petroleum ether, Chloroform, and Ethanol. Extracts from C. odorata were tested for larvicidal activity at levels ranging from 0.625ppm, 1.25 ppm, 2.5 ppm, and 5 ppm. The mortality rate of the larvae was determined 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours. The calculation of LC50 value of extracts was calculated after 48hrs exposure. After a 48-hrs exposure, the LC50 value of the extracts was calculated. After 48 hrs of incubation, the C. odorata Petroleum ether extract showed 100% mortality. C. quinquefasciatus was more susceptible to plant extracts. The crude extracts of C. odorata found to better results on vector control it may be active phytochemicals present in this extract to be explored and also plant-derived compounds have significant potential in mosquito vectors control programme.

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“…The Doctor of Pharmacy degree (PharmD) is more centred around pharmaceutical care and is currently being embraced in countries like Nigeria, Ghana, South Africa (1-3). Kenya lags behind in the implementation of this (4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%