“…Therefore, such organizations consider an equivalence of psychological traits between populations, and biases such as no familiarity with test-taking skills, lack of motivation, little or no test practice, and linguistic peculiarities are underlying the differences between groups. It is a position defended for several researchers (Mushquash & Bova, 2007;Helms-Lorenz, Van de Vijver, & Poortinga, 2003), especially for the Wechsler scales (Funes, Roriguez, & Lopez, 2016;Sánchez-Escobedo, Hollingworth, & Fina, 2011).…”