W ith most gifted students being educated in a mainstream model of education, the prevailing myth that the regular classroom teacher can "go it alone" and the companion myth that the teacher can provide for the education of gifted students through differentiation are alive and well. In reality, the regular classroom teacher is too often concerned about test scores and thinks the best way to prepare students for the state standardized tests is to teach them testtaking strategies and then conduct work sessions using old state tests as review and practice, concentrating on test format.Differentiation has been around since the early years of gifted education and was defined and delineated in the Principles of Differentiation by a committee convened by Irving Sato, the Director of the National and State Leadership Training Institute. The group agreed that differentiation included what is taught (content), how it is taught (process), and the outcome (product). Tomlinson (1999) described differentiation as proactive, more qualitative than quantitative, and Sisk (2009) summarized differentiation as changing the pace, level, or type of instruction in response to the gifted student's needs, learning styles, and interests. Kaplan (2009) said differentiation includesThe who-the learner and his or her needs, interests, and abilities; the what-the content and skills of the subject matter to be taught; the how-the pedagogy to be used to teach the content, skills, or both; and the where-the setting, grouping, or both needed to effectively implement the curriculum (the what) to the learner (the who). (p.