A Cross-Cultural Test of Collins's Theory of Sexual Stratification

Johnson, Glenn D.; Hendrix, Lewellyn

doi:10.2307/351588

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Similarly, in other studies, attention to a variety of aspects of women's lives has yielded valuable correlational outcomes. For example, women's voice in community-level decision making (Ross, 1986;Sanday, 1981), political complexity (Johnson & Hendrix, 1982), and male aggression (rape, marriage by wife capture; Sanday, 1981) are factors related to gender status. In all of these, as with the current study, questions relating to causation must remain open.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of Divale's ratings reveals that patrilineal descent and patrilocal and virilocal residence (taken from Murdock, 1967) push women's status even lower: The Pearsonian r between patrilineal descent and women's status was -.23, n = 118, p = .01, and the correlation between patrilocal and virilocal residence and women's status was -.27, n = 118, p < .005. It should also be noted that Johnson and Hendrix (1982) found a higher order effect of political complexity on status only after controlling for residence and descent effects.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The status of women tends to be lower in patricentric societies than in others (Johnson & Hendrix, 1982: Sanday, 1981. Such attributes as patrilineal descent, virilocal residence, 4 sexual segregation, and general patterns of male privilege all conspire to derogate women while elevating men's status (Bennett, 1983;LeVine, 1973;Mukhopadhyay & Seymour, 1994;Quinn, 1977).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Reflection of Women’s Status in Speech Frequency: A Four-Culture Study

Munroe

2005

Cross-Cultural Research

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The premises of this investigation were rooted in two cross-cultural trends: variation in male dominance (and thus in women's overall position) and the typically strong domestic status of women. In a four-culture study built around these regularities, this article's goal was to discover whether women's speech frequency in the home setting-that is, in the sphere of their greatest influence-would be affected by their gender status. It was found that overall higher status for women was accompanied by greater relative frequency of speaking by mothers (vis-à-vis fathers). Also, mothers were the most frequent speakers among 12 different classes of speakers (mothers, teen males, etc.) in three of the samples, but fathers spoke most frequently among Kenyan Logoli, where women's gender status was the lowest. The results may provide an impetus to further sociolinguistic research on speech in the home setting.In this article, we try to show that women's relative status in four traditional societies is reflected in a mundane aspect of their behavior, namely, the frequency of speech during ordinary household 399

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Reflection of Women’s Status in Speech Frequency: A Four-Culture Study

Munroe

2005

Cross-Cultural Research

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“…The 186 societies in the SCCS are selected for the quantity and quality of the ethnographic material on the society and to control for "Galton's Problem," or autocorrelation due to shared ancestry between some societies. The sample is thus not a random sample of preindustrial societies, although researchers tend to use statistical techniques like significance tests on the SCCS (e.g., Coltrane, 1988;Hendrix and Hossain, 1988;Johnson and Hendrix, 1982). The results may not be generalizable to the population of preindustrial societies but still constitute a meaningful exploration of childhood gender inequality.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender inequality in childhood: Toward a life course perspective

Baunach

2001

Gend. Issues

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Gender inequality does not begin with adulthood, yet scholarship has dealt most appreciably with indicators summarizing patterns for adults. Life course differences need to be recognized and incorporated into the study of gender inequality. I propose various societal practices (such as female infanticide, harsher punishment, social ceremonies, and inclusion) and beliefs (such as son preference, affection, and evaluation) as cross-cultural indicators of gender inequality in childhood. The analysis of preindustrial societies in the Standard Cross-Cultural Sample (Murdock and White, 1969) finds that childhood gender inequality is related to hunger, warfare, patrilocality, and the economic contribution and control of women. Childhood gender inequality shares some similarities with adulthood gender inequality but differs in theoretically relevant ways; for example, familial explanations, which are often relegated to secondary status in gender inequality theory, are highlighted. The implications of focusing on childhood and the life course for gender inequality theory are discussed. Residence

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“…15. Note that it is not as likely with respect to matrilocal extended families, as matrilocality correlates positively with a higher female status (Korotayev & Kazankov, 2003;Murdock, 1949, p. 205;Schlegel, 1972;Schneider & Gough, 1961;Whyte, 1978aWhyte, , 1978b)-including more control by women over their own sexual behavior (Johnson & Hendrix, 1982), whereas, as we have shown earlier (de Munck & Korotayev, 1999), a higher female status correlates positively with romantic love as a basis for marriage (and, hence, with less arranged marriages). 16.…”

Section: Supplemental Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Romantic Love and Family Organization

2016

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We propose that romantic love is a biosocial phenomenon that may well be a universal and that its cultural aspects are a product of social conditions. This position is unique because romantic love is promoted as a cultural rather than social universal. We argue that culture, social, and psychological phenomena are too frequently conflated and their core definitional features underdefined by researchers. Culture refers to learned practices that have collectively shared meanings to the members of a society. Under social conditions in which romantic love does not confer reproductive and health advantages to a mother and child, it will often be suppressed, undeveloped, and rejected as a cultural component. Through a cross-cultural study, we show that female status and family organization are important features that help in regulating the sociocultural importance of romantic love as a basis for marriage. The authors propose that romantic love is more likely to be a biosocial universal than a biocultural universal. We understand that there is a great deal of overlap between social and cultural, but we intend to make clear the distinctions, as we see them, between these two concepts. Richerson (1985, 2005) and Boehm (1999Boehm ( , 2012 have been proponents of a biocultural approach to the study of ''the origin and evolution of cultures.'' These researchers have developed a biocultural approach that remains true to the ethnographic cross-cultural approach of anthropology first advocated by Tylor (1889). Our work fits into this model for cross-cultural research, with the notable addition that the focus is on social conditions and practices from which cultural configurations emerge. In this study, we hope to accomplish the following tasks: First, we intend to demonstrate that the social aspect of romantic love has been neglected in cross-cultural research on love and is just as important as culture, if not more so, for the study of romantic love; second, we intend to show that female status and family organization are important features in regulating the sociocultural importance of romantic love, particularly (but not exclusively) as a basis for marriage; third, in our discussion, we present an argument for attending more carefully to definitions of core concepts (e.g., culture, romantic love) and the explanatory limits and strengths (or parameters) of those definitions; and fourth, we seek to stimulate interest in developing better (i.e., more reliable and valid) codings of the concept of romantic love (and other expressive/subjective concepts) in the cross-cultural databases. We began such studies over 15 years ago (de Munck &

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A Cross-Cultural Test of Collins's Theory of Sexual Stratification

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Reflection of Women’s Status in Speech Frequency: A Four-Culture Study

Reflection of Women’s Status in Speech Frequency: A Four-Culture Study

Gender inequality in childhood: Toward a life course perspective

Romantic Love and Family Organization

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