“…Hence, designers have to build the circuit simulator using some design software tools (e.g., HSPICE, Simulink) to evaluate the performance function ( ) and estimate yield by simulation runs [22,23]. However, this kind of simulationbased tolerance design (e.g., Monte Carlo methods) requires numerous circuit simulations and computationally expensive analysis runs [2][3][4][5][6]. In the following section, instead of using a circuit simulator, we will build a BRB system to model the performance function by running as few simulations as possible and using experts' knowledge.…”