A cross-national study on the relations among prosocial moral reasoning, gender role orientations, and prosocial behaviors.

Carlo, Gustavo; Koller, Sílvia Helena; Eisenberg, Nancy; Silva, Marcia S. Da; Fröhlich, Cláudia Bechara

doi:10.1037//0012-1649.32.2.231

Developmental Psychology

1996

DOI: 10.1037//0012-1649.32.2.231

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A cross-national study on the relations among prosocial moral reasoning, gender role orientations, and prosocial behaviors.

Gustavo Carlo¹,

Sílvia Helena Koller²,

Nancy Eisenberg³

et al.

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Prosocial Development in Relation to Children's and Mothers' Psychological Problems

Hay¹,

Pawlby²

2003

Child Development

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The study tested whether children's prosocial behavior was negatively or positively related to children's and mothers' psychological problems. Participants were 149 London families when mothers were pregnant and followed up in infancy and at ages 4 and 11. Children's cooperation at 4 and general prosocial tendencies at 11 were negatively associated with externalizing problems but unrelated to internalizing problems. A subgroup of children who were more prosocial than average expressed clinically significant worries about family members. Maternal depression decreased prosocial behavior in the eyes of adults, but children of depressed mothers saw themselves to be prosocial. Early cooperation protected children against later risk for externalizing problems, even when their early behavioral problems were taken into account.

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Prosocial Development in Relation to Children's and Mothers' Psychological Problems

Hay¹,

Pawlby²

2003

Child Development

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Adolescent Prosocial Behavior: The Role of Self‐Processes and Contextual Cues

2007

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Peer- and teacher-reported prosocial behavior of 339 6th-grade (11-12 years) and 8th-grade (13-14 years) students was examined in relation to prosocial goals, self-processes (reasons for behavior, empathy, perspective taking, depressive affect, perceived competence), and contextual cues (expectations of peers and teachers). Goal pursuit significantly predicted prosocial behavior, and goal pursuit provided a pathway by which reasons for behavior were related to behavior. Reasons reflected external, other-focused, self-focused, and internal justifications for behavior; each reason was related to a unique set of self-processes and contextual cues. Associations between prosocial outcomes and sex and race (Caucasian and African American) were mediated in part by self-processes and contextual cues. The implications of studying prosocial behavior from a motivational perspective are discussed.

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A Latent Growth Curve Analysis of Prosocial Behavior Among Rural Adolescents

Carlo

Crockett

Randall

et al. 2007

J of Research on Adolesc

159

123

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The present study was designed to investigate stability and changes in prosocial behavior and the parent and peer correlates of prosocial behavior in rural adolescents. Participants were from a rural, low SES community in the Eastern United States. The participants were in 7th, 8th, and 9th grades at Time 1 and 10th, 11th, and 12th grades at Time 4, and completed measures of prosocial behavior and quality of parent and peer relationships. Latent growth curve modeling revealed that despite moderate stability in individual differences in prosocial behavior and slight increases in quality of peer and parent relationships, level of prosocial behavior declined until late high school with a slight rebound in grade 12. Furthermore, increases in the quality of peer relationships predicted decreases in prosocial behavior for girls but not boys. Discussion focuses on continuity and change in prosocial behavior and the gender‐based relations between quality of parent and peer relationships and prosocial behaviors in adolescence.

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A cross-national study on the relations among prosocial moral reasoning, gender role orientations, and prosocial behaviors.

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Prosocial Development in Relation to Children's and Mothers' Psychological Problems

Prosocial Development in Relation to Children's and Mothers' Psychological Problems

Adolescent Prosocial Behavior: The Role of Self‐Processes and Contextual Cues

A Latent Growth Curve Analysis of Prosocial Behavior Among Rural Adolescents

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