A cross-sectional retrospective study of normal changes in the pharyngeal airway volume in white children with 3 different skeletal patterns from age 9 to 15 years: Part 1

Chan, Loren; Kaczynski, Richard; Kang, He-Kyong

doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2019.10.019

Cited by 10 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Previous 3D studies of the pharyngeal airway or maxillary width were only on individuals with a normal breathing mode according to different facial patterns [ 3 , 9 , 19 ]. The difference in pharyngeal airway parameters between individuals with mouth breathing (MB) and those with nasal breathing (NB) with only Skeletal Class I was also assessed [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the previous studies that assessed the effect of anteroposterior relationship employed subjects with nasal breathing patterns [ 3 , 7 , 9 ]; for instance, Hakan et al found that the airway volume was lower in participants with NB and Skeletal Class II than in those with NB and Skeletal Classes I and III [ 7 ]. Alves et al [ 33 ] reported that the pharyngeal airway volume of individuals with NB and retruded mandibles was smaller than in those with a normal Skeletal pattern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The frontal view drew a horizontal reference line between the right and left orbitales. The vertical reference line was formed using the anterior nasal spine and the nasion [ 9 ] (Fig. 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The volume and area of each were calculated. The total airway volume was considered as the sum of the oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal regions [ 9 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although some research attempted to analyze airways in people with different sagittal relationships using three-dimensional (3D) evaluation, these studies primarily focused on individuals with nasal breathing (NB) pattern [ 7 , 9 , 19 , 21 ]. The relationship between pharyngeal airway and skeletal malocclusion in mouth breathing subjects was not extensively studied in previous literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three-dimensional evaluation of pharyngeal airway and maxillary arch in mouth and nasal breathing children with skeletal Class I and II

Habumugisha

Mohamed

et al. 2022

BMC Oral Health

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Objective This study aimed to investigate whether the subjects with mouth breathing (MB) or nasal breathing (NB) with different sagittal skeletal patterns showed different maxillary arch and pharyngeal airway characteristics. Methods Cone-beam computed tomography scans from 70 children aged 10 to 12 years with sagittal skeletal Classes I and II were used to measure the pharyngeal airway, maxillary width, palatal area, and height. The independent t-test and the Mann–Whitney U test were used for the intragroup analysis of pharyngeal airway and maxillary arch parameters. Results In the Skeletal Class I group, nasopharyngeal airway volume (P < 0.01), oropharyngeal airway volume (OPV), and total pharyngeal airway volume (TPV) (all P < 0.001) were significantly greater in subjects with NB than in those with MB. Furthermore, intermolar width, maxillary width at the molars, intercanine width, maxillary width at the canines, and palatal area were significantly larger in subjects with NB than in those with MB (all P < 0.001). In the Skeletal Class II group, OPV, TPV (both P < 0.05) were significantly greater in subjects with NB than in those with MB. No significant differences in pharyngeal airway parameters in the MB group between subjects with Skeletal Class I and those with Skeletal Class II. Conclusion Regardless of sagittal Skeletal Class I or II, the pharyngeal airway and maxillary arch in children with MB differ from those with NB. However, the pharyngeal airway was not significantly different between Skeletal Class I and II in children with MB.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The volume and area of each were calculated. The total airway volume was considered as the sum of the oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal regions [ 9 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%