A Cross-sectional Study of EEC Trade with the Association of African Countries

Aitken, Norman D.; Obutelewicz, Robert S.

doi:10.2307/1935874

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…An increase in the GDPi to j by 1% leads to an increase of 0.15 or more on average. This result is in line with other findings (Frankel et al 1995;Tinbergen 1962;Aitken 1973;Poyhonen 1963;Bergstrand 1985Bergstrand , 1989Bergstrand , 1990Aitken and Obutelewicz 1976;Christerson 1994;Thursby and Thursby 1987;Prewo 1977, 1982).…”

Section: Interpretation Of Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

The Gravity Model Approach: An Application on the Eco Was Trading Bloc

Luqman

Bakar

Izraf

2016

South East European Journal of Economics and Business

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This study aims to examine bilateral trade flows across ECOWAS-15 nations with the use of a panel and cross section for the period of 1981-2013. The methodology carried out to achieve this objective involves the use of various techniques of estimation for the gravity model (Static and dynamic). More specifically, this study aims to investigate the formational impact of regional trade integration agreements on trade flows within a group of countries using the same currencies and ECOWAS at large. The main use of regional variables into gravity models is intended to determine whether RTAs lead to trade creation, or diversion. The results show the presence of a strong relationship among the factors of both RIAs and trade flows.

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Section: Interpretation Of Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

The Gravity Model Approach: An Application on the Eco Was Trading Bloc

Luqman

Bakar

Izraf

2016

South East European Journal of Economics and Business

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“…He tried to quantify the trade impact caused by the formation of the EU and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) using two alternative methods. Aitken and Obutelewicz (1976), Sapir (1981) and Brada and Méndez (1985) used the same procedure. This variable discriminates between member and nonmember trade flows.…”

Section: The Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The estimation of a time-dependent gravity equation allowed Aitken (1973) to determine the first year in which trade flows were affected by the integration, simply by checking the significance of the dummy preference variable. Aitken and Obutelewicz (1976), Sapir (1981) and Brada and Méndez (1985) used the same procedure.…”

Section: The Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of the Agricultural Trade Impact of Spain's Integration into the EU

Sanz¹,

Gil

2001

Canadian J Agri Economics

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The aim of this paper is to provide an econometric framework from which to assess the impact on Spanish agricultural trade by the entry of Spain into the European Union. This framework is based on the estimation of a gravity equation. Special attention is paid to the inclusion of dynamics in the gravity equation. To do that, the Kalman filter is used to define the antimonde, that is, the hypothetical situation that would exist without the integration of Spain into the EU. Results show that although Spain joined the EU in 1986, there existed a transition period that lasted until 1990. This result is consistent with the homogenization of agricultural intervention prices during the same period. Empirical results indicate that internal trade creation and external trade diversion are the predominant effects of integration on both imports and exports. L'objectif de cet article est d'illustrer une approche économétrique pour évaluer l'impact de l'adhésion de l'Espagne à la Union Européenne sur le commerce agricole. La méthodologie utilisée est basée sur l'estimation des équations de gravité. Une attention spéciale est portée à la manière d'introduire des effets dynamiques dans ces équations. Sur un autre plan, et au-delà de l'intérêt des relations dynamiques, le filtre de Kalman est utilisé pour définir l'antimonde, ou la situation hypothétique qu'il doit exister sans que le système d'intégration soit mis en oeuvre. Les résultats obtenus permettent de confirmer que malgré l'intégration avait lieu en 1986, la période de transition a prolongé jusqu'à 1990. Ce résultat est consistent avec l'homogénéisation des prix d'intervention agricoles dans le même période. Les résultats empiriques indiquent que la création du commerce interne et la diversion du commerce externe constituent les effets plus prédominants sur l'intégration aussi bien sur les exportations comme sur les importations.

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“…It is based on specific assumptions for import elasticities and substitutability between products from beneficiaries and nonbeneficiaries of preferences. Other studies reported in Baldwin (1984), for example, Aitken and Obutelewicz (1976), use a cross-sectional gravity model in which a dummy variable is introduced for preference-eligibility to estimate the rise in exports of African beneficiaries of the EC's Yaoundé Conventions of 1963 and 1969. They find that preference-eligible exports had increased by 26 percent as a result of the EC schemes.…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Preference Erosionon Middle-Income Developing Countries

Lankes

Alexandraki²

2004

IMF Working Papers

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This Working Paper should not be reported as representing the views of the IMF.The views expressed in this Working Paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the IMF or IMF policy. Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to further debate.Preference erosion has become an obstacle to multilateral trade liberalization, as beneficiaries of trade preferences have an incentive to resist reductions in most-favored-nation (MFN) tariffs. This study identifies middle-income developing countries that are vulnerable to export revenue loss from preference erosion. It concludes that the problem is heavily concentrated in a sub-set of preference beneficiaries-primarily small island economies dependent on sugar, banana, and-to a lesser extent-textile exports. Accordingly, measures to help mitigate the impact of preference erosion can be closely targeted at the countries at risk. JEL Classification Numbers: F13, Q17

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A Cross-sectional Study of EEC Trade with the Association of African Countries

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

The Gravity Model Approach: An Application on the Eco Was Trading Bloc

The Gravity Model Approach: An Application on the Eco Was Trading Bloc

An Assessment of the Agricultural Trade Impact of Spain's Integration into the EU

The Impact of Preference Erosionon Middle-Income Developing Countries

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