A Cross-Sectional Study of Potential Antimicrobial Resistance and Ecology in Gastrointestinal and Oral Microbial Communities of Young Normoweight Pakistani Individuals

Batool, Maria; Keating, Ciara; Javed, Sundus; Nasir, Arshan; Muddassar, Muhammad; Ijaz, Umer Zeeshan

doi:10.3390/microorganisms11020279

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 77 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Drinking unsafe and contaminated water can also compromise the health status. Drinking water source was associated with poor health status and is already known to enrich certain antimicrobial resistance genes in gut microbial communities of Pakistanis [ 54 ]. Dry fruits also showed association with poor health which could be explained by the fruits drying procedure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbial ecology and exposome of a healthy Pakistani cohort

Gul,

Herrema,

Davids

et al. 2024

Gut Pathog

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Pakistan is a multi-ethnic society where there is a disparity between dietary habits, genetic composition, and environmental exposures. The microbial ecology of healthy Pakistani gut in the context of anthropometric, sociodemographic, and dietary patterns holds interest by virtue of it being one of the most populous countries, and also being a Lower Middle Income Country (LMIC). Methods 16S rRNA profiling of healthy gut microbiome of normo-weight healthy Pakistani individuals from different regions of residence is performed with additional meta-data collected through filled questionnaires. The current health status is then linked to dietary patterns through $${\chi }^{2}$$ χ 2 test of independence and Generalized Linear Latent Variable Model (GLLVM) where distribution of individual microbes is regressed against all recorded sources of variability. To identify the core microbiome signature, a dynamic approach is used that considers into account species occupancy as well as consistency across assumed grouping of samples including organization by gender and province of residence. Fitting neutral modeling then revealed core microbiome that is selected by the environment. Results A strong determinant of disparity is by province of residence. It is also established that the male microbiome is better adapted to the local niche than the female microbiome, and that there is microbial taxonomic and functional diversity in different ethnicities, dietary patterns and lifestyle habits. Some microbial genera, such as, Megamonas, Porphyromonas, Haemophilus, Klebsiella and Finegoldia showed significant associations with consumption of pickle, fresh fruits, rice, and cheese. Our analyses suggest current health status being associated with the diet, sleeping patterns, employment status, and the medical history. Conclusions This study provides a snapshot of the healthy core Pakistani gut microbiome by focusing on the most populous provinces and ethnic groups residing in predominantly urban areas. The study serves a reference dataset for exploring variations in disease status and designing personalized dietary and lifestyle interventions to promote gut health, particularly in LMICs settings.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbial ecology and exposome of a healthy Pakistani cohort

Gul,

Herrema,

Davids

et al. 2024

Gut Pathog

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…52 Another biomarker, Megamonas, was reported to be involved in the fermentation of glucose to produce propionic and butyric acids, and its levels were elevated in the gut microbiome of smokers and those with higher BMI, correlating with the inflammatory phenotype of the host. 53 Some marker microorganisms, such as Cloacibacillus, Eikenella and Haemophilus, are pathogens or associated with cancers. 54−56 Their association with a high population smoking rate is likely due to the exacerbated risk of respiratory infections and other invasive infections such as bacteremia and meningitis caused by smoking.…”

Section: Microbial Biomarker Discovery By Lefsementioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Wastewater Microbiome and Population Smoking Rate Identified Using Wastewater-Based Epidemiology

Wu,

Zhang,

Chen

et al. 2023

Environ. Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tobacco use is known to cause health damage, partly by changing the mouth, respiratory tract, and gut-related microbiomes. This study aims to identify the associations between the human microbiome detected in domestic wastewater and the population smoking rate. Metagenomic sequencing and a biomarker discovery algorithm were employed to identify microorganisms as potential microbial biomarkers of smoking through wastewater-based epidemiology. Wastewater samples were collected from selected catchments with low and high smoking rates, i.e., 11.2 ± 1.5% and 17.0 ± 1.6%, respectively. Using the linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) method, Neisseria, Desulfovibrio, Megamonas, Blautia, Fusicatenibacter, Granulicatella and Enterococcus were suggested as potential biomarker microorganisms. A higher abundance of pathogens, including Neisseria, Eikenella and Haemophilus, was associated with the high smoking rate, likely because of their colonization in smoking-disturbed human guts. The identified potential microbial biomarkers reflect the change of the human gut microbiome due to the long-term smoking behavior. The metagenomic analysis also indicates that smoking upregulates microbial gene expression of genetic information processing, environmental information processing, and cell wall peptidoglycan cleavage, while it downregulates amino acid, lipid, and galactose metabolisms. The findings demonstrate the potential of microbial biomarkers for the surveillance of smoking through a wastewaterbased epidemiology approach.

show abstract

Gut microbial ecology and exposome of a healthy Pakistani cohort

Gul,

Herrema,

Davids

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Pakistan is a multi-ethnic society where there is a disparity between dietary habits, genetic composition, and environmental exposures. The microbial ecology of healthy Pakistani gut in the context of anthropometric, sociodemographic, and dietary patterns holds interest by virtue of it being one of the most populous countries, and also being a Lower Middle Income Country (LMIC). Methods: 16S rRNA profiling of healthy gut microbiome of normo-weight healthy Pakistani individuals from different regions of residence is performed with additional meta-data collected through filled questionnaires. The current health status is then linked to dietary patterns through χ2 test of independence and Generalized Linear Latent Variable Model (GLLVM) where distribution of individual microbes is regressed against all recorded sources of variability. To identify the core microbiome signature, a dynamic approach is used that considers into account species occupancy as well as consistency across assumed grouping of samples including organization by gender and province of residence. Fitting neutral modeling then revealed core microbiome that is selected by the environment. Results: A strong determinant of disparity is by province of residence. It is also established that the male microbiome is better adapted to the local niche than the female microbiome, and that there is microbial taxonomic and functional diversity in different ethnicities, dietary patterns and lifestyle habits. Conclusions: This study provides a snapshot of the healthy core Pakistani gut microbiome by focusing on the most populous provinces and ethnic groups residing in predominantly urban areas. The study serves a reference dataset for exploring variations in disease status and designing personalized dietary and lifestyle interventions to promote gut health, particularly in LMICs settings.

show abstract

A Cross-Sectional Study of Potential Antimicrobial Resistance and Ecology in Gastrointestinal and Oral Microbial Communities of Young Normoweight Pakistani Individuals

Cited by 5 publications

References 77 publications

Gut microbial ecology and exposome of a healthy Pakistani cohort

Gut microbial ecology and exposome of a healthy Pakistani cohort

Associations between Wastewater Microbiome and Population Smoking Rate Identified Using Wastewater-Based Epidemiology

Gut microbial ecology and exposome of a healthy Pakistani cohort

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About