A Cross-sectional Study of Prevalence and Etiology of Childhood Visual Impairment in Auckland, New Zealand

Chong, Chee Foong; McGhee, Charles N J; Dai, Shuan

doi:10.1097/apo.0000000000000044

Cited by 14 publications

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“…The overall prevalence of childhood visual impairment and blindness in New Zealand equated to approximately 1.1 per 1000 children. In fact, a recent Auckland, New Zealand, based study found similar prevalence of blindness (0.5/1000 children) and low vision (0.4/1000 children) …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In fact, a recent Auckland, New Zealand, based study found similar prevalence of blindness (0.5/1000 children) and low vision (0.4/1000 children). 7 The WHO/PBL ERCB delineates and categorizes blindness due to anatomical sites. In the current study, the three leading sites contributing to blindness were "globe appears normal," "optic nerve" and "retina.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causes of childhood low vision and blindness in New Zealand

Chong

McGhee

Dai

2019

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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Importance This is the first national study on childhood visual impairment in a developed nation, New Zealand, describing prevalence, aetiology and preventable causes of low vision and blindness in children. Background Causes of childhood blindness vary between regions. This study aimed to present region‐specific data on epidemiology of childhood blindness affecting a developed nation, New Zealand. Design Retrospective data analysis. Participants All children enrolled with the Blind and Low Vision Education Network New Zealand (BLENNZ) with best‐corrected visual acuity ≤6/18, or binocular visual field <10°. Methods 1000 out of 1321 children with visual impairment enrolled with BLENNZ were included. The principal cause of visual loss was determined, and the severity of visual loss categorized as low vision, or blindness according to the World Health Organization criteria. Main Outcome Measures Main outcome measures were degree of visual impairment, aetiology of visual impairment and treatment modalities for visual rehabilitation. Results The calculated prevalence of childhood blindness and low vision was 0.05% and 0.06%. Principle causes of blindness were cortical visual impairment (31.5%), optic nerve atrophy (16.5%) and optic nerve hypoplasia (9.0%). The main preventable causes of blindness were neonatal trauma/asphyxia (31.5%), retinopathy of prematurity (18.2%) and non‐accidental injury (10.3%). Conclusions and Relevance This is the first national report on prevalence of childhood low vision and blindness in New Zealand. The prevalence and leading causes of low vision and blindness found in this study were comparable to other developed nations; however, preventable causes of low vision and blindness appeared unique to New Zealand.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of childhood low vision and blindness in New Zealand

Chong

McGhee

Dai

2019

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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“…Based on data from the current study, the annual incidence of injury‐related permanent visual impairment in New Zealand children aged 0 to 17 years is approximately 13.2/100 000. A study within the Auckland region estimated the rate of blindness from all causes (best eye‐corrected VA worse than 6/60) and low vision (best‐corrected VA between 6/18 and 6/120) in children who were aged 0 to 17 years at 50/100 000 and 30/100 000, respectively . Self‐reported quality of life in children aged 3 to 16 years with binocular VA of 6/12 or worse is associated with a 35.6% reduction in quality of life .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Zealand childhood ocular trauma study: Analysis of 75 601 cases of ocular injury from 2007 to 2016

Ferguson

Sung

McKelvie

2019

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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Importance Childhood ocular injury is a common, preventable cause of potentially severe permanent disability. Background This study evaluates the nationwide incidence, demographics and visual outcomes of children with ocular injury in New Zealand. Design Nationwide retrospective review. Participants All children in New Zealand aged 0 to 17 years from 2007 to 2016 with ocular injury requiring assessment by a medical practitioner. Methods New Zealand national and regional datasets were used to evaluate population‐level statistics for ocular injury over a 10‐year period. Visual and clinical outcome data were assessed using a randomized sample of 150 patients. Main Outcome Measures Annual incidence, aetiology, demographics, injury location, visual outcomes, protective eyewear use, surgical intervention and follow‐up. Results A national total of 75 601 cases were included with a mean incidence of 719/100 000 children/year. Cases were predominantly male (63.2%) and of New Zealand‐European ethnicity (60.8%), aged 0 to 4 years (30.66%). Injury cause was most commonly “struck by object” (53.7%) and occurred in the home (50.9%). Tertiary hospital assessment and treatment was required in 17.7% where final visual acuity of 6/12 or worse was noted in 19.7% and protective eyewear use was reported in 2.7%. Maori and Pacific ethnicities were associated with higher rates of permanent visual impairment. Conclusions and Relevance Children with the highest risk of ocular injury are males aged 0 to 4 years. Children of Maori or Pacific Island ethnicity and aged 15 to 17 years have the highest risk of ocular injury resulting in permanent visual impairment. Protective eyewear use is uncommon in children presenting with ocular injury. Promotion of appropriate injury prevention strategies is an important public health message.

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“…39,40 Az görme merkezine başvuran çocukların ele alındığı yurt dışı çalışmalara baktığımızda ise Brezilya'da en sık görülen tanıların sırasıyla konjenital katarakt, Toksoplazma ve glokom; Yeni Zelanda'da serebral nedenler, optik atrofi ve retinal distrofi; Pakistan'da nistagmus, Stargardt, makülopati, dejeneratif miyopik makülopati, okülokutanöz albinizm ve Nijerya'da da optik atrofi ve albinizmin ilk sıralarda olduğu bildirilmiştir. [41][42][43][44] Az gören hastalarda tanı dağılımını inceleyen çalışmalarda, sonuçların birbirinden farklılıklar gösterdiği görülmektedir. Çünkü, çalışmaya dâhil edilen hastaların yaş dağılımında farklılıklar vardır ve çalışmaların bir kısmı genel populasyondaki az gören hastaları, bir kısmı ise sadece az görme merkezine başvuranları değerlendirmektedir.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Etiological Evaluation of Patients Who Have Low Vision Aid in Our Region

Altınbay¹

2017

Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci

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76z gören hastalarda yapılan yardım ve rehabilitasyonun başarısı, hastanın yaşına, tanısına, başvuru esnasındaki görme keskinliğine, uygulanan büyütme gücüne ve eğitim durumuna göre değişkenlik göstermektedir. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Tüm bunlar hastanın verilen cihazı kullanma başarısını etkilemektedir. [2][3][4][5][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Yapılan bu çalışmalarda, başvuru esnasındaki görme keskinliği ve hastaların eğitim seviyesi arttıkça uygulanan yardım ve rehabilitasyonun daha başarılı olduğu, merkezi görme alan kaybı ile giden maBölgemizdeki Az Görenlere Yardım Uygulanan Hastaların Etiyolojik Olarak Değerlendirilmesi Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Özel Niv Göz Merkezi'ne az görme nedeni ile refere edilen hastaların etiyolojilerini incelemek ve literatür ile karşılaştırmaktır. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Aralık 2010-Mayıs 2015 tarihleri arasında Özel Nivgöz Merkezi'ne az görme nedeni ile refere edilen 464 hastanın 869 gözü retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Hastaların uzak görme keskinlikleri, az görenler için hazırlanmış uzak eşeli (Test Charts for Low Vision Patients, Zeiss, Almanya) ile yakın görme keskinlikleri Eğrilmez ve ark.nın yakın görme eşeli ile ölçüldü ve logMAR cinsinden değerlen-dirildi. Çalışmaya uzak görme keskinliği 0,32 ve altında (logMAR 0,5 ve üstünde) olan hastalar dâhil edildi. Hastalar tanılarına göre gruplara ayrılarak, en sık görülen etiyolojiler incelendi. Tüm testlerde istatistiksel önem düzeyi 0,05 olarak alındı. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : 464 hastanın ortalama yaşı 49,9±25,7 yıl idi. Hastaların az görenlere yardım (LVA) muayenesi öncesi ortalama uzak görme keskinlikleri 0,13±0,11 (ort. logMAR 0,9), LVA'dan sonra 0,55 ±0,29 (ort. logMAR 0,3) olarak bulundu. En sık görülen tanılar , yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu (AMD) %33,98, retinitis pigmentoza (RP) %14,41, diyabetik retinopati (DRP) %12,47, Stargardt %9,46 ve nistagmus %9.46 olarak bulundu. Nistagmuslu hastaların en genç, AMD ve DRP'li hastaların en yaşlı grup olduğu görüldü. S So on nu uç ç: : Ülkemizdeki az gören hastalar ile ilgili epidemiyolojik bilgiye katkı sağlamanın amaçlandığı bu çalışmada, bölgemizde en sık gö-rülen tanının AMD olduğu ve bunu retinitis pigmentosa ve diyabetik retinopatinin izlediği görüldü.A An na ah ht ta ar r K Ke el li im me el le er r: : Görme, düşük; etiyoloji; gece körlüğü; retinitis pigmentoza A AB BS ST TR RA AC CT T O Ob bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : To examine the etiologies of patients who referred to Special Niv Eye Center due to low vision and compare with literature. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : 869 eyes of 464 patients who referred to special niveye center between December 2010-May 2015 were evaluated retrospectively. Distant visual acuity (VA) of patients were evaluated with distance chart which is designed for patients with low vision (Test Charts for Low Vision Patients, Zeiss, Germany) and near visual acuity was with chart which is designed by Eğrilmez et al's and evaluated in term of logMAR. Patients whose distant visual acuities 0....

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A Cross-sectional Study of Prevalence and Etiology of Childhood Visual Impairment in Auckland, New Zealand

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

Causes of childhood low vision and blindness in New Zealand

Causes of childhood low vision and blindness in New Zealand

New Zealand childhood ocular trauma study: Analysis of 75 601 cases of ocular injury from 2007 to 2016

Etiological Evaluation of Patients Who Have Low Vision Aid in Our Region

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