A cross-sectional study of the prevalence, density, and risk factors associated with malaria transmission in urban communities of Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria

Awosolu, Oluwaseun Bunmi; Yahaya, Zary Shariman; Termizi, Farah Haziqah Meor; Simon-Oke, Iyabo Adepeju; Fakunle, Comfort

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e05975

Cited by 44 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Furthermore, our findings revealed that P. falciparum was the only Plasmodium species encountered in this study. This is similar to the report of studies conducted in Ekiti and Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria 53 , 54 and other malaria endemic settings. 32 , 55 , 56 This is due to the fact that P. falciparum is a dominant Plasmodium species in Nigeria and Africa.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence, Parasite Density and Determinants of Falciparum Malaria Among Febrile Children in Some Peri-Urban Communities in Southwestern Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

Awosolu¹,

Yahaya²,

Termizi³

2021

IDR

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Background Malaria remains a serious public health problem worldwide, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions, including Nigeria. This study investigates the prevalence, parasite density and determinants of malaria among symptomatic children in some peri-urban communities in southwestern Nigeria. Methods This was a randomized cross-sectional and hospital-based study. The standard method of microscopy was employed. Thick and thin films were prepared and viewed under a light microscope to identify and quantify malaria parasites. A well-structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to obtain the subject’s information on the demographic, socio-economic and environmental variables. Results A total of 380 (71.7%) participants were infected with Plasmodium falciparum with a mean parasite density of 1857.11 parasite/µL of blood. Malaria prevalence and mean parasite density were significantly higher among male compared to their female counterparts [80.3% vs 61.4% and 2026.46 vs 1619.63 parasite/µL of blood]. Similarly, age group ≤5 years had the highest malaria prevalence (92.2%) and mean parasite density (2031.66 parasite/µL of blood) than other age groups (AOR 2.281, 95% CI: 1.187–4.384, P < 0.05). The multivariate logistic analysis showed that malaria disease is significantly associated with having mother with no formal education (AOR 12.235, 95% CI: 3.253–46.021, P < 0.05), having well and river as a major source of household water supply (AOR 13.810, 95% CI: 3.012–63.314, P < 0.05 vs AOR 5.639, 95% CI: 1.455–21.853, P < 0.05) and presence of stagnant water around home (AOR 5.22, 95% CI: 2.921–9.332, P < 0.05). Furthermore, protective factors observed include ownership of mosquito bed net (AOR 0.474, 95% CI: 0.223–1.008, P < 0.05) and distance of home to hospital (AOR 0.279, 95% CI: 0.158–0.493, P < 0.05). Conclusion Malaria remains a serious public health problem in the study area. Adopting integrated malaria control measures including educating parents on malaria prevention and control strategies, distributing mosquito bed nets, and establishing larvae source management program is highly imperative.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence, Parasite Density and Determinants of Falciparum Malaria Among Febrile Children in Some Peri-Urban Communities in Southwestern Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

Awosolu¹,

Yahaya²,

Termizi³

2021

IDR

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“…Previous research confirmed that age, sex, marital status of the respondent [ 5 ], proximity to mosquito breeding sites such as stagnant water [ 7 ], temperature, humidity, precipitation, education, occupation, and income are the main risk factors that favor the transmission of malaria [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Malaria Infection among Outpatients Visiting Shewa Robit Health Center, Northcentral Ethiopia

Abebe

Teshome

2022

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Introduction. Malaria infection is a serious health problem killing millions in tropical developing countries including Ethiopia. The present study focused on assessing malaria prevalence and identification of determinants in Shewa Robit, northcentral Ethiopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 participants who visited Shewa Robit Health Center between 01/10/2017 and 30/04/2018, using a simple random sampling. Sociodemographic characteristics were recorded using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and infection was confirmed by microscopic examination. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and p < 0.05 was used to indicate the level of significance. Results. Eighty-one (19.0%) microscopically confirmed malaria cases were recorded, P.vivax was the most frequently detected species (n = 58; 71.6%). Interestingly, 73.2% (n = 309) of the participant did not utilize LLINs due to the fear of toxicity (37.4%, n = 158), misconception (21.6%, n = 91), and shortage (14.2%, n = 60). The data showed age, gender, marital status, family size, usage of LLINs and application of IRS, proximity to mosquito breeding sites and less robust and porous walls were the determinants of the infection in the study area. Conclusion. The prevalence of malaria in the study population was high and P. vivax being the most common causative agent. Environmental and behavioral factors related to LLIN are the potential determinants of malaria. Continued public health interventions, targeting proper utilization of bed nets, drainage of stagnant water, and improved public awareness about reducing the risk of insect bites have the potential to minimize the infection.

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“…The onset of severe malaria and fatal disease, not totally restricted to Plasmodium falciparum infections, can lead to mortality. The important health complications of malaria that can lead to mortality include celebral malaria, pulmonary edema, acute renal failure, severe anemia, bleeding, acidosis, and hypoglycemia ( 2 , 3 ). Reports indicate that 216 million cases of malaria occurred worldwide resulting in global mortality of 445,000 in 2016.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment outcome and factors associated with mortality due to malaria in Munini District Hospital, Rwanda in 2016–2017: Retrospective cross-sectional study

Hakizayezu

Omolo

Biracyaza

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionMalaria is a major public health burden in developing countries despite efforts made by several countries. This disease leads to high morbidity and mortality among Rwandans, particularly in the Southern Province where it was the sixth national cause of morality; at Munini hospital it is the first cause of mortality, but the associated factors remain unknown. In this study, we determined the factors associated with deaths among patients with severe malaria to come up with evidence-based interventions to prevent malaria and its factors.MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on malaria patients who were treated at the Munini District Hospital from 2016 to 2017. Data were collected from the hospital records or registers relating to patients who were admitted with severe malaria. The odds ratio was estimated by bivariate logistic regression and multivariate hierarchical regression models for determining the associated factors of deaths. Data were analyzed using STATA/MP Version 14.1 and Epi-info with proportions.ResultsThe study population were mostly women (n = 237, 59.1%), farmers (n = 313, 78.05%), aged 16–30 years (n = 107, 26.68%). Our results indicated that the majority of deaths were women (56.25%). Socio-economic and clinical determinants are important predictors of death among patients with severe malaria. Patients with coma had higher odds of dying (AOR = 7.31, 95% CI :3.33–16.1, p < 0.001) than those who were not. The possibility of mortality increased by almost four times in patients who delayed consultation by a day (AOR = 3.7, 95%CI:1.8–4.1; p < 0.001) compared to those who came in very early. Patients who had severe malaria in the dry season were at a lower risk of mortality (AOR = 0.23, 95%CI:0.08–0.64, p = 0.005) compared to those with severe malaria during the rainy season.ConclusionLack of health insurance, age of the patient, delayed diagnosis, coma, proximity and access to healthcare services, and weather conditions were the major factors associated with mortality among patients with severe malaria. Comprehensive, long-term, equity-based healthcare interventions and immediate care strategies are recommended.

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A cross-sectional study of the prevalence, density, and risk factors associated with malaria transmission in urban communities of Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria

Cited by 44 publications

References 29 publications

Prevalence, Parasite Density and Determinants of Falciparum Malaria Among Febrile Children in Some Peri-Urban Communities in Southwestern Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

Prevalence, Parasite Density and Determinants of Falciparum Malaria Among Febrile Children in Some Peri-Urban Communities in Southwestern Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Malaria Infection among Outpatients Visiting Shewa Robit Health Center, Northcentral Ethiopia

Treatment outcome and factors associated with mortality due to malaria in Munini District Hospital, Rwanda in 2016–2017: Retrospective cross-sectional study

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