A Crowdsourcing Innovation Challenge to Locate and Map Automated External Defibrillators

Merchant, Raina M.; Asch, David A.; Hershey, John C.; Griffis, Heather; Hill, Shawndra; Saynisch, Olivia; Leung, Alison C.; Asch, Jeremy M.; Lozada, Kirk; Nadkarni, Lindsay; Kilaru, Austin S.; Branas, Charles C.; Stone, Eric; Starr, Larry; Shofer, Frances S.; Nichol, Graham; Becker, Lance B.

doi:10.1161/circoutcomes.113.000140

Cited by 56 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Data from existing studies show that crowdsourcing has the potential to beneficially address the following points: quality, cost, volume, speed, and novel science. Crowdsourcing has been demonstrated to be a viable way to increase the accuracy of computer recognition of RBCs infected with malaria parasites 25 (quality), be a low cost alternative to more traditional behavioral research and epidemiology studies 15,20,22,30 (cost), engage over one hundred thousand people in a research problem 14 (volume), allow research to progress much faster than if processed by investigators alone 14,15,20,[22][23][24][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] (speed), and produce new scientific discoveries 13,18,19,21,23 (novel science). Additionally, there is the advantage of an untapped expertise of the crowd.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crowdsourcing—Harnessing the Masses to Advance Health and Medicine, a Systematic Review

et al. 2013

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OBJECTIVE:Crowdsourcing research allows investigators to engage thousands of people to provide either data or data analysis. However, prior work has not documented the use of crowdsourcing in health and medical research. We sought to systematically review the literature to describe the scope of crowdsourcing in health research and to create a taxonomy to characterize past uses of this methodology for health and medical research. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL through March 2013. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Primary peerreviewed literature that used crowdsourcing for health research. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS: Two authors independently screened studies and abstracted data, including demographics of the crowd engaged and approaches to crowdsourcing. RESULTS: Twenty-one health-related studies utilizing crowdsourcing met eligibility criteria. Four distinct types of crowdsourcing tasks were identified: problem solving, data processing, surveillance/monitoring, and surveying. These studies collectively engaged a crowd of >136,395 people, yet few studies reported demographics of the crowd. Only one (5 %) reported age, sex, and race statistics, and seven (33 %) reported at least one of these descriptors. Most reports included data on crowdsourcing logistics such as the length of crowdsourcing (n=18, 86 %) and time to complete crowdsourcing task (n=15, 71 %). All articles (n=21, 100 %) reported employing some method for validating or improving the quality of data reported from the crowd. LIMITATIONS: Gray literature not searched and only a sample of online survey articles included. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF KEY FINDINGS:Utilizing crowdsourcing can improve the quality, cost, and speed of a research project while engaging large segments of the public and creating novel science. Standardized guidelines are needed on crowdsourcing metrics that should be collected and reported to provide clarity and comparability in methods. INTRODUCTIONCrowdsourcing is an approach to accomplishing a task by opening up its completion to broad sections of the public. Innovation tournaments, prizes for solving an engineering problem, or paying online participants for categorizing images are examples of crowdsourcing. What ties these approaches together is that the task is outsourced with little restriction on who might participate. Despite the potential of crowdsourcing, little is known about the applications and feasibility of this approach for collecting or analyzing health and medical research data where the stakes are high for data quality and validity.One of the most celebrated crowdsourcing tasks was the prize established in 1714 by Britain's Parliament in the Longitude Act, offered to anyone who could solve the problem of identifying a ship's longitudinal position.1 The Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count began in 1900 and continues to this day as a way for "citizen scientists" to provide data that can be used for studying bird population trends.2 However, today the world has 2.3 billion Internet users an...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 The last paper created a map of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) by having users of a mobile phone application locate and take pictures of AEDs. 32 …”

Section: Surveillance/monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crowdsourcing—Harnessing the Masses to Advance Health and Medicine, a Systematic Review

et al. 2013

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“…Just as peer reviews guide decision making in other consumer areas (restaurants, hotels), there is an opportunity for the wisdom of crowds to inform and healthcare seeking behavior. [9,10] The ED has changed from a place of last resort to a healthcare option that many patients prefer for episodic care and resources should be developed to engage these patients. [ limitations in being able to accurately identify non-emergent visits.…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating an Acute Care Inventory

Elder

Carr

2017

MRAJ

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Acute care visits account for 354 million outpatient visits annually. While a robust acute care infrastructure exists in the US (i.e. emergency departments (ED), emergency medical services (EMS), urgent care centers, primary care offices, etc.), the system is difficult to navigate when urgent, episodic health services are required. Multiple stakeholders including patients, providers, and payers rely on this acute care infrastructure that currently functions without sufficient transparency of the capabilities and services that are offered. We outline and describe a conceptual model for an inventory of acute care resources that empowers patients, providers, payers, and others to be better consumers of acute care services.

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“…9 The basis for this is a standardized European grid system. The specific feature of interest for this project was the development of an integrated, Internet-accessible, actively managed network providing information on locations of all registered AEDs in the community, analogous to initiatives such as crowd-sourcing strategies 10 and other initiatives with similar goals. [11][12][13][14] Features of the Copenhagen model include the capability to update the data on a continuous basis and the ability of both emergency medical services and lay responders to access the information online to identify the closest AED during a response.…”

Section: Emerging Strategies In Community Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Initiatives for Improving Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Outcomes

Myerburg

2014

Circulation

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A Crowdsourcing Innovation Challenge to Locate and Map Automated External Defibrillators

Abstract: The online-only Data Supplement is available at http://circoutcomes.ahajournals.org/lookup/suppl

Cited by 56 publications

References 26 publications

Crowdsourcing—Harnessing the Masses to Advance Health and Medicine, a Systematic Review

Crowdsourcing—Harnessing the Masses to Advance Health and Medicine, a Systematic Review

Creating an Acute Care Inventory

Initiatives for Improving Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Outcomes

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