A cryptic new species of bulbul from Borneo

Shakya, Subir B.; Lim, Haw Chuan; Moyle, Robert G.; Rahman, Mustafa Abdul; Lakim, Maklarin; Sheldon, Frederick H.

doi:10.25226/bboc.v139i1.2019.a3

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…Recently, a number of cryptic bird taxa have been described, at the species level, largely or solely on the basis of DNA information (e.g. [29,30]). If this cluster of very recent taxonomic products of the DNA revolution is included, it has the effect of greatly inflating the estimate of DE.…”

Section: (D) Comparison Of Methods and The Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Dark extinction: the problem of unknown historical extinctions

Boehm

Cronk

2021

Biol. Lett.

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The extinction of species before they are discovered and named (dark extinction, DE) is widely inferred as a significant part of species loss in the ‘pre-taxonomic’ period (approx. 1500–1800 CE) and, to some extent, in the ‘taxonomic period’ (approx. 1800–present) as well. The discovery of oceanic islands and other pristine habitats by European navigators and the consequent introduction of destructive mammals, such as rats and goats, started a process of anthropogenic extinction. Much ecosystem change happened before systematic scientific recording, so has led to DE. Statistical methods are available to robustly estimate DE in the ‘taxonomic period’. For the ‘pre-taxonomic period’, simple extrapolation can be used. The application of these techniques to world birds, for example, suggests that approximately 56 DEs occurred in the ‘taxonomic period’ (1800–present) and approximately 180 in the ‘pre-taxonomic period’ (1500–1800). Targeting collection activities in extinction hotspots, to make sure organisms are represented in collections before their extinction, is one way of reducing the number of extinct species without a physical record (providing that collection efforts do not themselves contribute to species extinction).

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Section: (D) Comparison Of Methods and The Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Dark extinction: the problem of unknown historical extinctions

Boehm

Cronk

2021

Biol. Lett.

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Intraspecific variation of three plumage-cryptic bulbul species

Dejtaradol,

Päckert,

Renner

2024

Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity

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The mechanistic, genetic and evolutionary causes of bird eye colour variation

Corbett,

Brumfield,

Faircloth

2023

Ibis

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Birds display a rainbow of eye colours, but this trait has been little studied compared with plumage coloration. Avian eye colour variation occurs at all phylogenetic scales: it can be conserved throughout whole families or vary within one species, yet the evolutionary importance of this eye colour variation is under‐studied. Here, we summarize knowledge of the causes of eye colour variation at three primary levels: mechanistic, genetic and evolutionary. Mechanistically, we show that avian iris pigments include melanin and carotenoids, which also play major roles in plumage colour, as well as purines and pteridines, which are often found as pigments in non‐avian taxa. Genetically, we survey classical breeding studies and recent genomic work on domestic birds that have identified potential ‘eye colour genes’, including one associated with pteridine pigmentation in pigeons. Finally, from an evolutionary standpoint, we present and discuss several hypotheses explaining the adaptive significance of eye colour variation. Many of these hypotheses suggest that bird eye colour plays an important role in intraspecific signalling, particularly as an indicator of age or mate quality, although the importance of eye colour may differ between species and few evolutionary hypotheses have been directly tested. We suggest that future studies of avian eye colour should consider all three levels, including broad‐scale iris pigment analyses across bird species, genome sequencing studies to identify loci associated with eye colour variation, and behavioural experiments and comparative phylogenetic analyses to test adaptive hypotheses. By examining these proximate and ultimate causes of eye colour variation in birds, we hope that our review will encourage future research to understand the ecological and evolutionary significance of this striking avian trait.

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A cryptic new species of bulbul from Borneo

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Dark extinction: the problem of unknown historical extinctions

Dark extinction: the problem of unknown historical extinctions

Intraspecific variation of three plumage-cryptic bulbul species

The mechanistic, genetic and evolutionary causes of bird eye colour variation

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