A Cryptic Sulfur Cycle in Oxygen-Minimum–Zone Waters off the Chilean Coast

Canfield, Donald E.; Stewart, Frank J.; Thamdrup, Bo; Brabandere, Loreto De; Dalsgaard, Tage; DeLong, Edward F.; Revsbech, Niels Peter; Ulloa, Osvaldo

doi:10.1126/science.1196889

Cited by 541 publications

(628 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…SUP05 is abundant in oxic/anoxic interfacial environments such as deep-sea hydrothermal plumes (Sunamura et al, 2004;Dick and Tebo, 2010;German et al, 2010), oxygen minimum zones (Stevens and Ulloa, 2008;Lavik et al, 2009;Walsh et al, 2009;Canfield et al, 2010) and symbioses with deep-sea bivalves (Newton et al, 2007). Our data set supports previous genomic studies that showed that members of this group are chemolithoautotrophic, obtaining energy by coupling sulfur oxidation to reduction of nitrate and/or oxygen (Newton et al, 2007;Walsh et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The increased abundance of SUP05 sox gene transcripts in the Guaymas Basin plume-among the most plume-enriched genes in the metatranscriptome-provides evidence that SUP05 responds to reduced sulfur compounds commonly found within the plume environment (Figure 2). The prevalence and activity of this group in the deep sea deserves further attention, especially in light of its potential impact on the global cycling of carbon, sulfur, nitrogen and important greenhouse gases (Walsh et al, 2009;Canfield et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The metatranscriptome of a deep-sea hydrothermal plume is dominated by water column methanotrophs and lithotrophs

et al. 2012

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Microorganisms mediate geochemical processes in deep-sea hydrothermal vent plumes, which are a conduit for transfer of elements and energy from the subsurface to the oceans. Despite this important microbial influence on marine geochemistry, the ecology and activity of microbial communities in hydrothermal plumes is largely unexplored. Here, we use a coordinated metagenomic and metatranscriptomic approach to compare microbial communities in Guaymas Basin hydrothermal plumes to background waters above the plume and in the adjacent Carmen Basin. Despite marked increases in plume total RNA concentrations (3-4 times) and microbially mediated manganese oxidation rates (15-125 times), plume and background metatranscriptomes were dominated by the same groups of methanotrophs and chemolithoautotrophs. Abundant community members of Guaymas Basin seafloor environments (hydrothermal sediments and chimneys) were not prevalent in the plume metatranscriptome. De novo metagenomic assembly was used to reconstruct genomes of abundant populations, including Marine Group I archaea, Methylococcaceae, SAR324 Deltaproteobacteria and SUP05 Gammaproteobacteria. Mapping transcripts to these genomes revealed abundant expression of genes involved in the chemolithotrophic oxidation of ammonia (amo), methane (pmo) and sulfur (sox). Whereas amo and pmo gene transcripts were abundant in both plume and background, transcripts of sox genes for sulfur oxidation from SUP05 groups displayed a 10-20-fold increase in plumes. We conclude that the biogeochemistry of Guaymas Basin hydrothermal plumes is mediated by microorganisms that are derived from seawater rather than from seafloor hydrothermal environments such as chimneys or sediments, and that hydrothermal inputs serve as important electron donors for primary production in the deep Gulf of California.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The metatranscriptome of a deep-sea hydrothermal plume is dominated by water column methanotrophs and lithotrophs

et al. 2012

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“…When the nitrogenous zone is present, SO 4 2− production might also be performed by microbes that use NO 3 − as electron acceptors (Burgin and Hamilton 2008 ) . This microbial process has recently been observed in the chemocline of a permanently strati fi ed temperate fjord (Jensen et al 2009 ), along the West-African continental shelf (Lavik et al 2009 ) and in the oxygen-minimum zone of the eastern tropical Paci fi c ocean (Can fi eld et al 2010 ). Finally, we can also predict high rates of aerobic sul fi de oxidation during mixing conditions, when anoxic waters enriched with sul fi de are mixed with oxygenated waters from the surface.…”

Section: Lake Kivu and Potential Microbial Processes In Upper And Intsupporting

confidence: 62%

Microbial Ecology of Lake Kivu

et al. 2012

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We review available data on archaea, bacteria and small eukaryotes in an attempt to provide a general picture of microbial diversity, abundances and microbedriven processes in Lake Kivu surface and intermediate waters (ca. 0-100 m). The various water layers present contrasting physical and chemical properties and harbour very different microbial communities supported by the vertical redox structure. For instance, we found a clear vertical segregation of archaeal and bacterial assemblages between the oxic and the anoxic zone of the surface waters. The presence of speci fi c bacterial (e.g. Green Sulfur Bacteria) and archaeal (e.g. ammonia-oxidising archaea) communities and the prevailing physico-chemical conditions point towards the redoxcline as the most active and metabolically diverse water layer. The archaeal assemblage in the surface and intermediate water column layers was mainly composed by the phylum Crenarchaeota , by the recently de fi ned phylum Thaumarchaeota and by the phylum Euryarchaeota . In turn, the bacterial assemblage comprised mainly ubiquitous members of planktonic assemblages of freshwater environments ( Actinobacteria , Bacteroidetes and Betaproteobacteria

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“…Similarly, low rates have been measured in marine sediments [84] where it has been dubbed 'the cryptic sulfur cycle' [85,86]. A cycling of sulfur compounds with intermediate oxidation states (i.e.…”

Section: (D) a Chemosynthetic Ecosystem Below Icementioning

confidence: 99%

Subglacial Lake Whillans microbial biogeochemistry: a synthesis of current knowledge

Mikucki

Lee

Ghosh

et al. 2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Liquid water occurs below glaciers and ice sheets globally, enabling the existence of an array of aquatic microbial ecosystems. In Antarctica, large subglacial lakes are present beneath hundreds to thousands of metres of ice, and scientific interest in exploring these environments has escalated over the past decade. After years of planning, the first team of scientists and engineers cleanly accessed and retrieved pristine samples from a West Antarctic subglacial lake ecosystem in January 2013. This paper reviews the findings to date on Subglacial Lake Whillans and presents new supporting data on the carbon and energy metabolism of resident microbes. The analysis of water and sediments from the lake revealed a diverse microbial community composed of bacteria and archaea that are close relatives of species known to use reduced N, S or Fe and CH4 as energy sources. The water chemistry of Subglacial Lake Whillans was dominated by weathering products from silicate minerals with a minor influence from seawater. Contributions to water chemistry from microbial sulfide oxidation and carbonation reactions were supported by genomic data. Collectively, these results provide unequivocal evidence that subglacial environments in this region of West Antarctica host active microbial ecosystems that participate in subglacial biogeochemical cyclingauthorsversionPeer reviewe

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A Cryptic Sulfur Cycle in Oxygen-Minimum–Zone Waters off the Chilean Coast

Cited by 541 publications

References 29 publications

The metatranscriptome of a deep-sea hydrothermal plume is dominated by water column methanotrophs and lithotrophs

The metatranscriptome of a deep-sea hydrothermal plume is dominated by water column methanotrophs and lithotrophs

Microbial Ecology of Lake Kivu

Subglacial Lake Whillans microbial biogeochemistry: a synthesis of current knowledge

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