Occupational noise exposure is a pervasive hazard that continues to affect millions of workers globally, contributing significantly to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Despite advancements in engineering controls and personal protective equipment, the prevalence of occupational hearing loss remains a critical concern. This paper explores the relationship between risk perception and hearing conservation behaviors, particularly the use of hearing protection devices (HPDs). It examines how individual, environmental, and organizational factors influence workers’ perception of noise risks and their subsequent protective behaviors. Empirical studies across various industries reveal a positive correlation between heightened risk perception and increased HPD usage, although this relationship is mediated by factors such as comfort, accessibility, and organizational support. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive education, improved HPD comfort, and a supportive safety culture to enhance risk perception and promote effective hearing conservation. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies, objective measures of HPD use, and the integration of emerging technologies to further understand and mitigate occupational hearing loss.