A Current Perspective of Allergic Asthma: From Mechanisms to Management

Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G.; Miligkos, Michael; Xepapadaki, Paraskevi

doi:10.1007/164_2021_483

Cited by 36 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…Mechanisms of persistence and remodeling in asthma are still relatively unexplored, although the cardinal role of atopy and allergic inflammation in the induction and perpetuation of airway wall structural changes is acknowledged. 75 Early in-vitro models demonstrated that infections by RVs modulate epithelial responses by delaying epithelial repair and may consequently contribute to the initiation and/ or perpetuation of airway remodeling. 76 Moreover, infections induce airway remodeling via amplifying angiogenesis, mediated through vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or fibroblast growth factor 2 61 and transforming growth factor (TGF)β, 77 an effect further augmented in the presence of atopy.…”

Section: Mechanis Ms Of Dis E a S E Prog Re Ss I On: Vir Al Induc Ti ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Augmented T2 responses may enhance further abnormalities in antiviral immunity. It is plausible that the increased number and the timing of virus‐induced events in an altered genetic background, re‐program the innate, adaptive, and/or regulatory immune responses toward a chronic pattern of inflammation 75 …”

Section: Antiviral Immune Responses and Susceptibility Of Atopics To ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanisms Of Disease Progression: Viral Induction Of Remode...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacteria and viruses and their role in the preschool wheeze to asthma transition

Papadopoulos,

Apostolidou,

Miligkos

et al. 2024

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

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Wheezing is the cardinal symptom of asthma; its presence early in life, mostly caused by viral infections, is a major risk factor for the establishment of persistent or recurrent disease. Early‐life wheezing and asthma exacerbations are triggered by common respiratory viruses, mainly rhinoviruses (RV), and to a lesser extent, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza, human metapneumovirus, coronaviruses, adenoviruses, influenza, and bocavirus. The excess presence of bacteria, several of which are part of the microbiome, has also been identified in association with wheezing and acute asthma exacerbations, including haemophilus influenza, streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis, mycoplasma pneumoniae, and chlamydophila pneumonia. While it is not clear when asthma starts, its characteristics develop over time. Airway remodeling already appears between the ages of 1 and 3 years of age even prior to the presence of atopic inflammation or an asthma diagnosis. The role of genetic defect or variations hampering the airway epithelium in response to environmental stimuli and severe disease morbidity are now considered as major determinants for early structural changes. Repeated viral infections can induce and perpetuate airway hyperresponsiveness. Allergic sensitization, that often precedes infection‐induced wheezing, shifts inflammation toward type‐2, while common respiratory infections themselves promote type‐2 inflammation. Nevertheless, most children who wheeze with viral infections during infancy and during preschool years do not develop persistent asthma. Multiple factors, including illness severity, viral etiology, allergic sensitization, and the exposome, are associated with disease persistence. Here, we summarize current knowledge and developments in infection epidemiology of asthma in children, describing the known impact of each individual agent and mechanisms of transition from recurrent wheeze to asthma.

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Section: Mechanis Ms Of Dis E a S E Prog Re Ss I On: Vir Al Induc Ti ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antiviral Immune Responses and Susceptibility Of Atopics To ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanisms Of Disease Progression: Viral Induction Of Remode...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacteria and viruses and their role in the preschool wheeze to asthma transition

Papadopoulos,

Apostolidou,

Miligkos

et al. 2024

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

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“…Allergic asthma is a common heterogeneous condition characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and airway inflammation, and the coordinated crosstalk between structural cells and immune cells plays a vital function in its pathological process . Recurrent allergen challenge induces airway inflammation and remodeling via processes such as excess inflammatory factor release, leukocyte infiltration, mucus hypersecretion, and lung tissue structure destruction that consequently impair lung function and lead to airway limitation. , Bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory drugs, and antiallergic drugs are commonly used in clinical asthmatic therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wogonoside Ameliorates Airway Inflammation and Mucus Hypersecretion via NF-κB/STAT6 Signaling in Ovalbumin-Induced Murine Acute Asthma

Yu,

Cai,

et al. 2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Asthma is recognized as a chronic respiratory illness characterized by airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. Wogonoside, a flavonoid glycoside, is reported to significantly alleviate the inflammation response and oxidative stress. Herein, this study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism of wogonoside on airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in a murine asthma model and in human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE). BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA). Pulmonary function and the number of cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were examined. Pathological changes in lung tissue in each group were evaluated via hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid–Schiff staining, and changes in levels of cytokines in BALF and of immunoglobulin E in serum were determined via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of relevant genes in lung tissue was analyzed via real-time PCR. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were employed to detect the expression of relevant proteins in lung tissue and 16HBE cells. Treatment with 10 and 20 mg/kg wogonoside significantly attenuated the OVA-induced increase of inflammatory cell infiltration, mucus secretion, and goblet cell percentage and improved pulmonary function. Wogonoside treatment reduced the level of T-helper 2 cytokines including interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in BALF and of IgE in serum and decreased the mRNA levels of cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, and IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α), chemokines (CCL-2, CCL-11, and CCL-24), and mucoproteins (MUC5AC, MUC5B, and GOB5) in lung tissues. The expression of MUC5AC and the phosphorylation of STAT6 and NF-κB p65 in lung tissues and 16HBE cells were significantly downregulated after wogonoside treatment. Thus, wogonoside treatment may effectively decrease airway inflammation, airway remodeling, and mucus hypersecretion via blocking NF-κB/STAT6 activation.

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“…Asthma is a common chronic respiratory and inflammatory disease, which affected more than 330 million people worldwide in the year 2021. [1][2][3] It frequently occurs in children, and causes difficulty in breathing, cough, mucus secretion, along with other symptoms. 4,5 Currently, the prevention strategies against asthma include an enhanced inhaler technique and educating and creating awareness among people on asthma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum dual-specificity phosphatase 1 reflects decreased exacerbation risk, correlates with less advanced exacerbation severity and lower inflammatory cytokines in children with asthma

Wang

Xie²,

Cui³

et al. 2022

Allergol Immunopathol

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Background: It is as fact that dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) regulates the T cell activation, pro-allergic response, and inflammation to engage with the pathogenesis of asthma, but its clinical role in children with asthma is unclear. The present study aimed to explore the expression of DUSP1, its association with exacerbation risk, severity, and inflammatory cytokines in children with asthma. Method: Around 52 children with asthma-exacerbation, 50 children in asthma-remission, and 50 healthy children were chosen for the study. The serum levels of DUSP1, as well as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 were detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The levels of DUSP1 was the highest in healthy children (median (IQR)=34.305 (25.892– 43.693) ng/mL), the second highest in children in asthma-remission (median (IQR)=21.471 (18.581–27.934) ng/mL), and the lowest in children with asthma-exacerbation (median (IQR)=13.982 (7.901–21.624) ng/mL) (P<0.001). At the same time, DUSP1 was also related to decreased asthma risk with area under curve (AUC) (95%CI) of 0.847 (0.780–0.914), and cor-related with its lower exacerbation risk with AUC (95%CI) of 0.755 (0.661–0.849). Besides, DUSP1 was negatively linked with exacerbation severity (rs=–0.338, P=0.014), immunoglobulin E (rs=-0.277, P=0.047), TNF-α (rs=-0.423, P=0.002), IL-1β (rs=-0.389, P=0.004), and IL-17 (rs=-0.293, P=0.035), but not related with other disease features in children with asthma-exacerbation. Meanwhile, DUSP1 was only negatively associated with TNF-α (rs=-0.300, P=0.034) and IL-1β (rs=-0.309, P=0.029) in children in asthma-remission. However, no correlation was found in DUSP1 with inflammatory cytokines or other disease features in healthy children (all P>0.05). Conclusion: DUSP1 reflects the reduced exacerbation risk, and associates with lower exacerbation severity and inflammatory cytokines in children with asthma-exacerbation; it also associates with inflammatory cytokines in children in asthma-remission. These findings suggest that DUSP1 may help to improve the management of asthmatic children.

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A Current Perspective of Allergic Asthma: From Mechanisms to Management

Cited by 36 publications

References 142 publications

Bacteria and viruses and their role in the preschool wheeze to asthma transition

Bacteria and viruses and their role in the preschool wheeze to asthma transition

Wogonoside Ameliorates Airway Inflammation and Mucus Hypersecretion via NF-κB/STAT6 Signaling in Ovalbumin-Induced Murine Acute Asthma

Serum dual-specificity phosphatase 1 reflects decreased exacerbation risk, correlates with less advanced exacerbation severity and lower inflammatory cytokines in children with asthma

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