A cytopathological and histopathological study of bilharziasis of the female genital tract

Diagnosis of genital cervical schistosomiasis: comparison of cytological, histopathological and parasitological examination.

“…Berry has described the morphology of the schistosome eggs and the cytological changes in routinely taken PAP smears in South African women. 14 In 110 of 139 slides from patients with evidence of genital schis-tosomiasis S. haematobium ova were seen. Youssef and others reported that larger amounts of schistosome ova are found if the cervical smears were taken from sites of ulceration.…”

“…Ova are usually situated in the subepithelial connective tissue, the majority being present in the squamocolumnar junction. 2,14 If ova are just beneath the epithelial layer, especially if they happen to be under a single layer of columnar epithelium, ova can be found coincidentally in the cervical smear. 14 In conclusion, if genital schistosomiasis of the cervix is considered in a differential diagnosis of cervical genital lesions, the QCBT is the diagnostic method of choice.…”

“…2,14 If ova are just beneath the epithelial layer, especially if they happen to be under a single layer of columnar epithelium, ova can be found coincidentally in the cervical smear. 14 In conclusion, if genital schistosomiasis of the cervix is considered in a differential diagnosis of cervical genital lesions, the QCBT is the diagnostic method of choice. This technique can be complemented by histopathology and cytology if other clinical conditions such as pre-malignant or malignant alterations of the cervix have to be excluded.…”

HIV Target Cells in Schistosoma haematobium-Infected Female Genital Mucosa

“…Likewise, because ova are usually located subepithelially, the control biopsies were also photographed in a subepithelial area representative for the main tissue reaction in the respective biopsy. 21,22 Thereafter, the near-exact same areas of the consecutive immunostained sections, identified by histological anatomical structures, were photographed. The investigators were blinded for the immunostains until the HE-stained sections had been chosen and photographed.…”

“…All sections were examined microscopically and all photographs controlled by an experienced pathologist (BR). 21,22 The principles for the computer-assisted image analyses of immunostained target cells are outlined in Figure 1 . Stromal cell structures stained with antibodies to CD3, CD8, and CD68 were quantified using ImageJ, a Java image processing application downloaded free of charge from the website of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).…”