“…In terms of rockburst warning, scholars have proposed various empirical criteria and assessment methods for evaluating rockburst risk based on the factors affecting rockburst occurrences (Zhou et al, 2018;Li et al, 2019a;Gong et al, 2020;He et al, 2023). These include criteria such as Russense criteria (Russenes, 1974), Barton criteria (Barton et al, 1974), Hoek criteria (Hoek and Brown, 1980), strain energy storage index (Kidybinski, 1981), potential energy of elastic strain (Wang and Park, 2001), residual elastic energy index (Gong et al, 2021), rock brittleness index (Xu and Wang, 1999), brittle deformation coefficient (Zhang et al, 2017), distance discrimination method (Gong and Li, 2007), artificial neural network method (Wang et al, 2024), etc. These criteria and assessment methods have greatly guided the prevention and control of rockburst risks and have achieved good economic and social benefits.…”