A debris-flow monitoring devices and methods bibliography

Itakura, Y.; Inaba, Hajime; Sawada, T.

doi:10.5194/nhess-5-971-2005

Cited by 56 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Although other sensors are available, we have extensive experience with ground movement sensors (geophones) and flow depth sensors (e.g., ultrasonic and radar sensors) which have been demonstrated to be reliable at the Illgraben. Both have been frequently used at other debris-flow observation stations as well (Arattano 1999;Genevois et al 2000;Itakura et al 2005;Marchi et al 2002), and both have been installed here as described below.…”

Section: Detection Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A debris-flow alarm system for the Alpine Illgraben catchment: design and performance

Badoux

Graf

Rhyner³

et al. 2008

Nat Hazards

169

189

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We describe the development, implementation, and first analyses of the performance of a debris-flow warning system for the Illgraben catchment and debris fan area. The Illgraben catchment (9.5 km 2 ), located in the Canton of Valais, Switzerland, in the Rhone River valley, is characterized by frequent and voluminous sediment transport and debris-flow activity, and is one of the most active debris-flow catchments in the Alps. It is the site of an instrumented debris-flow observation station in operation since the year 2000. The residents in Susten (municipality Leuk), tourists, and other land users, are exposed to a significant hazard. The warning system consists of four modules: community organizational planning (hazard awareness and preparedness), event detection and alerting, geomorphic catchment observation, and applied research to facilitate the development of an early warning system based on weather forecasting. The system presently provides automated alert signals near the active channel prior to (5-15 min) the arrival of a debris flow or flash flood at the uppermost frequently used channel crossing. It is intended to provide data to support decision-making for warning and evacuation, especially when unusually large debris flows are expected to leave the channel near populated areas. Firstyear results of the detection and alert module in comparison with the data from the independent debris-flow observation station are generally favorable. Twenty automated alerts (alarms) were issued, which triggered flashing lights and sirens at all major footpaths crossing the channel bed, for three debris flows and 16 flood flows. Only one false alarm was issued. The major difficulty we encountered is related to the variability and complexity of the events (e.g., events consisting of multiple surges) and can be largely solved by increasing the duration of the alarm. All of the alarms for hazardous events were produced by storms with a rainfall duration and intensity larger than the threshold for debris-flow

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Section: Detection Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A debris-flow alarm system for the Alpine Illgraben catchment: design and performance

Badoux

Graf

Rhyner³

et al. 2008

Nat Hazards

169

189

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“…The micro-seismic monitoring technics has also been used for the monitoring and the warning of debris flows [Arattano, 1999;Itakura et al, 2005]. In last case, the amplitude of seismic noise appears to be correlated to the volume and velocity of the debris flow and can be used to trigger an alarm or a video recording [Lavigne et al, 2000].…”

Section: Introduction: State Of the Art And Scientific Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding mudslides through micro-seismic monitoring: the Super-Sauze (South-East French Alps) case study

Amitrano

Gaffet²,

Malet

et al. 2007

Bulletin De La Société Géologique De France

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The macroscopic deformation of rocks, at scales ranging from laboratory samples (cm) to rock hillslopes and earth crust (hm to km), is associated with local irreversible processes (cracks/faults propagation and shearing). These movements involve propagation of acoustic waves, which can be observed by remote sensing. Seismic monitoring during strain progression can help our understanding of rock behaviour and lead to the recognition of failure precursors. Although of significant potential, this observational tool has had only limited application in the study of gravitational instabilities such as landslides. This paper presents seismic monitoring data acquired on a mudslide located in the South French Alps. Results show that recordable seismicity exists in the frequency range of 0.01 Hz to 10 Hz associated with landslide deformation. Acceleration of landslide movement is controlled by rainfall and appears to be well correlated with seismic activity. The origin of the seismicity is attributed to shearing of the moving mass at the interface with the in-situ stable bedrock. Spectral analysis of the seismic wave reveals that the range 0.1-1 Hz is the most sensitive to the variations in landslide velocity. The results emphasize the strong potential of seismic monitoring for improving our understanding of mechanisms controlling rock mass deformation and gravitational instability. The determination of operational failure precursors based on seismic monitoring has yet to be achieved but remains a major target of future research. Apport de la surveillance sismique à la connaissance de mécanismes de glissements de terrain argileux. Application au glissement-coulée de Super-Sauze (Sud-Est des Alpes françaises)Mots clés. -Instabilité gravitaire, Surveillance sismique, Vitesse de déformation, Sud-Est des Alpes françaisesRésumé. -La déformation des roches, de l'échelle de l'échantillon de laboratoire (cm) à celle de versants rocheux ou de la croûte terrestre (hm-km) est associée à des processus irréversibles locaux (propagation et cisaillement de fissure/faille). Ces mouvements induisent la propagation d'une onde acoustique qui peut être observée par des capteurs distants de la source. La surveillance sismique au cours de la déformation peut permettre de mieux comprendre le comportement des roches et conduire ainsi à l'identification de précurseur de la rupture. Malgré son fort potentiel, cette technique a jusqu'ici été peu utilisée pour l'étude et la compréhension des instabilités de versants de cette technique. Le travail exposé ici présente des données acquises sur un glissement de terrain argileux situé dans le Sud des Alpes françaises. Les résultats montrent qu'une sismicité enregistrable existe dans la gamme de fréquence de 0.01 Hz à 10 Hz et qu'elle est associée à la déformation du versant. Les variations de la vitesse de déformation du versant sont contrôlées par la pluviométrie et sont bien corrélées à l'activité sismique. L'origine de cette sismicité peut être attribuée au cisaillement de la masse en mouvement sur le ...

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“…Mit dem gezielten Monitoring einzelner Wildbäche mit Murgangaktivität sollen mehr Daten über die Fliesseigenschaften von Murgängen im alpinen Raum gesammelt werden, wie dies bereits einige Jahre zuvor in Asien (u.a. Itakura et al, 2005;Zhang, 1993) und den USA (Keefer et al, 1987) gemacht und zeitgleich auch in Europa gestartet wurde (Arattano, 1999). Wo erste Stationen mehr der visuellen Dokumentation der Ereignisse dienten, wurden nach und nach Messinstrumente ergänzt, welche zentrale Kenngrössen wie etwa das Propagieren der Front ermitteln konnten.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Experimentelle Erkundung von Wildbächen, Murgängen, Hangrutschungen und Steinschlag: Aktuelle Beispiele der WSL

Stähli¹,

Graf²,

Scheidl

et al. 2015

Geogr. Helv.

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A debris-flow monitoring devices and methods bibliography

Cited by 56 publications

References 28 publications

A debris-flow alarm system for the Alpine Illgraben catchment: design and performance

A debris-flow alarm system for the Alpine Illgraben catchment: design and performance

Understanding mudslides through micro-seismic monitoring: the Super-Sauze (South-East French Alps) case study

Experimentelle Erkundung von Wildbächen, Murgängen, Hangrutschungen und Steinschlag: Aktuelle Beispiele der WSL

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