A Decade of Discovery—Eukaryotic Replisome Disassembly at Replication Termination

Abstract

The eukaryotic replicative helicase (CMG complex) is assembled during DNA replication initiation in a highly regulated manner, which is described in depth by other manuscripts in this Issue. During DNA replication, the replicative helicase moves through the chromatin, unwinding DNA and facilitating nascent DNA synthesis by polymerases. Once the duplication of a replicon is complete, the CMG helicase and the remaining components of the replisome need to be removed from the chromatin. Research carried out over the last ten years has produced a breakthrough in our understanding, revealing that replication termination, and more specifically replisome disassembly, is indeed a highly regulated process. This review brings together our current understanding of these processes and highlights elements of the mechanism that are conserved or have undergone divergence throughout evolution. Finally, we discuss events beyond the classic termination of DNA replication in S-phase and go over the known mechanisms of replicative helicase removal from chromatin in these particular situations.

Monitoring and quantifying replication fork dynamics with high-throughput methods

“…The other arm, the lagging strand, is replicated in short fragments, known as Okazaki fragments, through a more intricate process involving DNA polymerases Alpha and Delta (Pol α and Pol δ) 4 , 5 . Replication ends when two converging forks meet, generating two daughter duplexes 6 , 7 .…”