A decade's difference: 10-year change in insomnia symptom prevalence in Canada depends on sociodemographics and health status

Garland, Sheila N.; Rowe, Hillary L.; Repa, Lily M.; Fowler, Ken; Zhou, Eric S.; Grandner, Michael A.

doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2018.01.003

Cited by 54 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Moreover, several studies have demonstrated an increasing prevalence of insomnia symptoms over the last decades in adults (Caldwell, Knapik, & Lieberman, 2017;Kronholm et al, 2016;Pallesen, Sivertsen, Nordhus, & Bjorvatn, 2014). While these trends were also found for older adults in a recent longitudinal Canadian study, that study also reported a decrease in insomnia prevalence over time for young adults (Garland et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Sleep patterns and insomnia in young adults: A national survey of Norwegian university students

Sivertsen

Vedaa

Harvey

et al. 2018

Journal of Sleep Research

127

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Summary The aim of this study was to describe sleep patterns and rate of insomnia according to diagnostic criteria in college and university students, as well as to examine potential changes in sleep problems from 2010 to 2018. Data stemmed from a national student health survey from 2018 for higher education in Norway (the SHoT study), which invited all 162,512 fulltime students in Norway. A total of 50,054 students (69.1% women) aged 18–35 years were included, yielding a response rate of 30.8%. Sleep parameters, reported separately for weekdays and weekends, included calculations of bedtime, rise time, sleep duration, sleep‐onset latency, wake after sleep onset, sleep need and sleep deficit. Insomnia was defined according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th edn) criteria. For the trend analysis, we used one item measuring difficulties initiating and/or maintaining sleep, over three time points (2010, 2014 and 2018). The results from 2018 showed large weekday–weekend differences across most sleep parameters. Both male and female students obtained a mean sleep duration in the lower end of the normal range on weekdays (7:24 hr), but met their own sleep need and sleep recommendations at weekends (8:25 hr). The overall prevalence of insomnia was 34.2% in women and 22.2% in men. There was a substantial increase in sleep problems from 2010 (22.6%) to 2018 (30.5%), which was especially pronounced in women. We conclude that sleep problems are both prevalent and increasing among students. This warrants attention as a public health problem in this population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Sleep patterns and insomnia in young adults: A national survey of Norwegian university students

Sivertsen

Vedaa

Harvey

et al. 2018

Journal of Sleep Research

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…First, the prevalence of insomnia disorder had been increasing over the last decades. Calem et al reported that the prevalence of insomnia disorder nearly doubled across 15 years (67), and the increasing prevalence is supported by other longitudinal studies (131,138,217,300). Second, many integrative studies on mental disorders just ignore that insomnia is part and parcel of the DSM diagnostic nosology and do not include it (137).…”

Section: Definition and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Brain mechanisms of insomnia: new perspectives on causes and consequences

Someren

2021

Physiological Reviews

286

179

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While insomnia is the second most common mental disorder, progress in our understanding of underlying neurobiological mechanisms has been limited. The present review addresses the definition and prevalence of insomnia and explores its subjective and objective characteristics across the 24-hour day. Subsequently, the review extensively addresses how the vulnerability to develop insomnia is affected by gene variants, early life stress and major life events and brain structure and function. Further supported by the clear mental health risks conveyed by insomnia, the integrated findings suggest that the vulnerability to develop insomnia could rather be found in brain circuits regulating emotion and arousal than in circuits involved in circadian and homeostatic sleep regulation. Finally, a testable model is presented. The model proposes that in people with a vulnerability to develop insomnia, the locus coeruleus is more sensitive to - or receives more input from - the salience network and related circuits, even during REM sleep, when it should normally be sound asleep. This vulnerability may ignite a downwards spiral of insufficient overnight adaptation to distress, resulting in accumulating hyperarousal which in turn impedes restful sleep and moreover increases the risk of other mental health adversity. Sensitized brain circuits are likely to be subjectively experienced as "sleeping with one eye open". The proposed model opens up the possibility for novel intervention studies and animal studies, thus accelerating the ignition of a neuroscience of insomnia, which is direly needed for better treatment.

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“…About one‐third of the European population experiences one or more symptoms of insomnia, such as non‐restorative sleep or difficulties initiating or maintaining sleep (Ohayon, ; Roth, ). Rising rates of insomnia symptoms have been observed in several countries, notably among people in paid work (Garland et al, ; Kronholm et al, ). One potential explanatory factor could be stress at work, as there is a close relationship between psychosocial stress and insomnia symptoms (Åkerstedt, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reciprocal relations between work stress and insomnia symptoms: A prospective study

Garefelt

Platts

Hanson

et al. 2019

Journal of Sleep Research

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Summary Work stress and poor sleep are closely related in cross‐sectional data, but evidence from prospective data is limited. We analysed how perceived stress and work stressors (work demands, decision authority and workplace social support) are related to key dimensions of insomnia over time, using structural equation modelling. Biennial measurements from a large sample of the working population in Sweden enabled us to analyse both the relationship from stress to sleep as well as that from sleep to stress. Overall, we found reciprocal relations between insomnia and all four stress measures. However, looking at the relation between each dimension of insomnia and each stress measure, there were some differences in direction of effects. In the direction from stress to sleep, all work stressors as well as perceived stress predicted both difficulties initiating sleep and difficulties maintaining sleep. The same was found for non‐restorative sleep, with the exception for decision authority. In the opposite direction, difficulties maintaining sleep predicted increased levels of work demands and perceived stress. Difficulties initiating sleep stood out among the insomnia symptoms as not predicting any of the stress measures, while non‐restorative sleep was the only symptom predicting all stress measures. The results advance the understanding of the stress−sleep relationship and indicate a potential vicious circle between insomnia and perceived stress as well as work stressors, suggesting that the workplace could be an arena for interventions to alleviate insomnia.

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A decade's difference: 10-year change in insomnia symptom prevalence in Canada depends on sociodemographics and health status

Abstract: Over a 10-year period, the prevalence of insomnia symptoms increased in Canada. This trend appears to be driven in part by greater levels of insomnia symptoms among middle-aged women.

Cited by 54 publications

References 46 publications

Sleep patterns and insomnia in young adults: A national survey of Norwegian university students

Sleep patterns and insomnia in young adults: A national survey of Norwegian university students

Brain mechanisms of insomnia: new perspectives on causes and consequences

Reciprocal relations between work stress and insomnia symptoms: A prospective study

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