A Deep Learning Approach for Malware and Software Piracy Threat Detection

Network traffic classification is of significant importance. It helps identify network anomalies and assists in taking measures to avoid them. However, classifying network traffic correctly is a challenging task. This study aims to compare ensemble learning methods with normal supervised classification to come up with improved classification methods. Three types of network traffic were classified (Benign, Malicious, and Outliers). The data were collected experimentally by using Paessler Router Traffic Grapher software and online and were analyzed by R software. The datasets were used to train five supervised models (k-nearest neighbors, mixture discriminant analysis, Naïve Bayes, C5.0 classification model, and regularized discriminant analysis). The models were trained by 70% of the samples and the rest 30% were used for validation. The same samples were used separately in predicting individual accuracy. The results were compared to the ensemble learning models which were built with the use of the same datasets. Among the five supervised classifiers, k-nearest neighbors and C5.0 classification scored the highest accuracy of 0.868 and 0.761. The ensemble learning classifiers Bagging (Random Forest) and Boosting (eXtreme Gradient Boosting) had accuracy of 0.904 and 0.902 respectively. The results show that the ensemble learning method has higher accuracy compared to the normal supervised classifiers. Therefore, it can be used to detect malicious activities in network traffic as well as anomalies with improved accuracy.

Section: ) Model Evaluation Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Comparison of Ensemble Learning and Supervised Algorithms in Classifying Multi-label Network Traffic Flow

Machoke

Mbelwa

Agbinya

et al. 2022

“…In [6], static and dynamic artifacts were utilized to classify Android applications and address the challenge of ransomware, surpassing the existing solutions. Meanwhile, other studies' proposed models and methods ranging from system permission features to ensemble ML approaches, achieving accuracies between 94% and 99% [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Despite their effectiveness, some approaches, such as the Ensemble Deep Restricted Boltzmann Machine [13], demonstrated accuracy below 80%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Android Malware Detection through Deep Learning Optimization

Alhussen

2024

Android stands out as one of the most prevalent mobile operating systems globally, due to its widespread adoption and open-source nature. However, its susceptibility to malware attacks, facilitated by the ability to install third-party applications without centralized control, poses significant security challenges. Despite efforts to integrate security measures, the proliferation of malicious activities and vulnerabilities emphasizes the need for advanced detection techniques. This study implemented and optimized Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Neural Network (NN) models for malware detection on the Android platform. Leveraging meticulous hyperparameter tuning and robust data preprocessing techniques, this study aimed to increase the efficacy of LSTM and NN models in identifying and mitigating various forms of malware. The results demonstrate remarkable performance, with the LSTM model achieving an accuracy of 99.24%, precision of 99.07%, recall of 98.79%, and F1-score of 98.93%, and the NN model attaining an accuracy of 99.18%, precision of 99.02%, recall of 98.84%, and F1-score of 98.93%. By addressing these challenges and achieving such high levels of accuracy and effectiveness, this study contributes significantly to the ongoing endeavor to fortify defenses against cyber threats, thus fostering a safer digital environment for users worldwide.

“…Currently, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are utilized to classify biomedical images. CNN works very well with huge datasets and is less precise on small datasets [10]. In small datasets, pretrained CNNs are usually utilized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Cancer Classification from Histopathological Images using Future Search Optimization Algorithm and Deep Learning

Gurumoorthy,

Kamarasan

2024

In medical imaging, precise recognition of Breast Cancer (BC) is a challenge due to the complications of breast tissues. Histopathological detection is still considered the standard in BC detection. Still, the dramatic increase in workload and the complexity of histopathological image (HPI) make this task labor-intensive and dependent on the pathologist, making the advance of automated and precise HPI analysis techniques needed. Due to the automated feature extraction capability, Deep Learning (DL) methods have been effectively used in different sectors, particularly in the medical imaging sector. This study develops the future search algorithm with a DL-based breast cancer detection and classification (FSADL-BCDC) method. The FSADL-BCDC technique examines HPIs to detect and classify BC. To achieve this, the FSADL-BCDC technique implements Wiener Filtering (WF)-based preprocessing to eliminate the noise in the images. Additionally, the FSADL-BCDC uses the ResNeXt method for feature extraction with a Future Search Algorithm (FSA)-based tuning procedure. For BCDC, the FSADL-BCDC technique employs a Hybrid Convolutional Neural Network along with the Long Short-Term Memory (HCNN-LSTM) approach. Finally, the Sunflower Optimization (SFO) approach adjusts the hyperparameter values of the HCNN-LSTM. The outcomes of the FSADL-BCDC are inspected on a standard medical image dataset. Extensive relational studies highlighted the improved performance of the FSADL-BCDC approach in comparison with known methods by exhibiting an output of 96.94% and 98.69% under diverse datasets.