2019
DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00626
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A Defective Vacuolar Proton Pump Enhances Aluminum Tolerance by Reducing Vacuole Sequestration of Organic Acids

Abstract: Plants cope with aluminum (Al) toxicity by secreting organic acids (OAs) into the apoplastic space, which is driven by proton (H 1) pumps. Here, we show that mutation of vacuolar H 1-translocating adenosine triphosphatase (H 1-ATPase) subunit a2 (VHA-a2) and VHA-a3 of the vacuolar H 1-ATPase enhances Al resistance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). vha-a2 vha-a3 mutant plants displayed less Al sensitivity with less Al accumulation in roots compared to wild-type plants when grown under excessive Al 31. Inte… Show more

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Cited by 35 publications
(36 citation statements)
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“…Seedlings grown on the indicated medium were collected for the measurement of cation contents by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS), NO 3 − content by the salicylic acid nitration procedure (Cataldo, Maroon, Schrader, & Youngs, 1975) and Cl − content by the silver titration method (Chen, Zhang, Zhao, Korpelainen, & Li, 2010). Internal malate and citrate contents were detected as described by F. Zhang et al (2019). Briefly, 2 g of leaves was ground at 4°C with 10 ml of cold water, and the homogenate was filtered through four layers of cheesecloth and centrifuged at 4,950 g for 10 min.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Seedlings grown on the indicated medium were collected for the measurement of cation contents by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS), NO 3 − content by the salicylic acid nitration procedure (Cataldo, Maroon, Schrader, & Youngs, 1975) and Cl − content by the silver titration method (Chen, Zhang, Zhao, Korpelainen, & Li, 2010). Internal malate and citrate contents were detected as described by F. Zhang et al (2019). Briefly, 2 g of leaves was ground at 4°C with 10 ml of cold water, and the homogenate was filtered through four layers of cheesecloth and centrifuged at 4,950 g for 10 min.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The transmembrane transport of OAs depends on the driving force formed by the proton electrochemical gradient on both sides of the PM, which provides continuous power for organic acid secretion [81,82]. Al stress increases the activity of PM H + -ATPase and inhibits the expression of VHA-a2, VHA-a3, and vacuolar proton pump activity, and therefore increases the proton gradient on both sides of the PM and promotes OAs secretion by AtALMT1 and AtMATE [83]. Al stress reduces the entry of OAs into vacuoles by inhibiting vacuolar proton pump activity and activating the PM transport system, which secretes large amounts of intracellular OAs to the apoplast.…”
Section: External Exclusion Mechanismsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Al stress reduces the entry of OAs into vacuoles by inhibiting vacuolar proton pump activity and activating the PM transport system, which secretes large amounts of intracellular OAs to the apoplast. While OAs secretion is blocked, vacuolar proton pump activity is activated, indicating that intracellular Al tolerance may be an alternative [83]. Additionally, it is known that OAs secretion depends on the maintenance of internal concentrations of OAs.…”
Section: External Exclusion Mechanismsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The vacuolar H + ‐ATPases (V‐ATPases) also regulate Al toxicity. The mutation in VHA‐a2 and VHA‐a3 subunits of the Arabidopsis V‐ATPase enhance Al resistance (Zhang et al 2019a). The vha‐a2 vha‐a3 mutants exhibited reduced sensitivity to toxic Al concentrations and accumulated less Al in their roots (Zhang et al 2019a).…”
Section: Plasma Membrane and Vacuolar H+‐atpases Are Involved In Al Tolerancementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The mutation in VHA‐a2 and VHA‐a3 subunits of the Arabidopsis V‐ATPase enhance Al resistance (Zhang et al 2019a). The vha‐a2 vha‐a3 mutants exhibited reduced sensitivity to toxic Al concentrations and accumulated less Al in their roots (Zhang et al 2019a). The expression of V‐ATPases is repressed upon Al treatment, whereas there is a relative increased expression of plasma membrane H + ‐ATPase (PM H + ‐ATPase) in vha‐a2 vha‐a3 .…”
Section: Plasma Membrane and Vacuolar H+‐atpases Are Involved In Al Tolerancementioning
confidence: 99%