A Delineation Method for Probable Mountain Slope Failures by a Digital Land Form Model

Okimura, Takashi; Ichikawa, Ryuhei

doi:10.2208/jscej.1985.358_69

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Brabb et al, 1972;Campbell, 1975;Hollingsworth and Kovacs, 1981;Lanyon and Hall, 1983;Seely and West, 1990;Niemann and Howes, 1991;Derbyshire et al, 1995). The approach explored here builds on the physics-based modelling pioneered by Okimura and colleagues (Okimura and Ichikawa, 1985;Okimura and Nakagawa, 1988) and extended by others (e.g. Dietrich et al, 1993Dietrich et al, , 1995van Asch et al, 1993;Montgomery and Dietrich, 1994) to develop a simple model of pre-and post-cutting hazard from shallow landsliding.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional test of a model for shallow landsliding

1998

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Abstract:Landslides mapped in 14 watershed analyses in Oregon and Washington provide a regional test of a model for shallow landsliding. A total of 3224 landslides were mapped in watersheds covering 2993 km 2 and underlain by a variety of lithologies, including Tertiary sedimentary rocks of the Coast Ranges, volcanic rocks of the Cascade Range and Quaternary glacial sediments in the Puget Lowlands. GIS (geographical information system) techniques were used to register each mapped landslide to critical rainfall values predicted from a theoretical model for the topographic control on shallow landsliding using 30 m DEMs (digital elevation models). A single set of parameter values appropriate for simulating slide hazards after forest clearing was used for all watersheds to assess the regional in¯uence of topographic controls on shallow landsliding. Model performance varied widely between watersheds, with the best performance generally in steep watersheds underlain by shallow bedrock and the worst performance in generally low gradient watersheds underlain by thick glacial deposits. Landslide frequency (slides/km 2 ) varied between physiographic provinces but yielded consistent patterns of higher slide frequency in areas with lower critical rainfall values. Simulations with variable eective cohesion predicted that high root strength eectively limits shallow landsliding to topographic hollows with deep soils and locations that experience excess pore pressures, but that low root strength leads to higher probabilities of failure across a greater proportion of the landscape. #

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Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional test of a model for shallow landsliding

1998

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“…This model is based on the limit equilibrium theory and it is developed from a tri-planar sliding surface method. The groundwater level is calculated using a saturated seepage model (Okimura and Ichikawa, 1985) and, differently from other models, accounts for pore water pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the probability of occurrence of shallow landslides and channelized debris flows using GEOtop‐FS

Simoni

Zanotti

Bertoldi

et al. 2007

Hydrological Processes

212

137

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Abstract:This paper describes a coupled, distributed, hydrological-geotechnical model, GEOtop-FS, which simulates the probability of occurrence of shallow landslides and debris flows. We use a hydrological distributed model, GEOtop, which, models latent and sensible heat fluxes and surface runoff, and computes soil moisture in 3-D by solving Richards'equation numerically, together with an infinite-slope geotechnical model, GEOtop-FS. The combined model allows both the hydraulic and geotechnical properties of soil to be considered and realistically modelled. In particular, the model has been conceived to make direct use of field surveys, geotechnical characteristics and soil moisture measurements. In the model the depth of available sediments is also used to characterize the hydraulic properties of the area examined.To account for the uncertainty related to the natural variability in the factors influencing the stability of natural slopes, the safety factor is computed with a probabilistic approach. In order to determine the likelihood of slope failures, soil parameters are assigned distributions instead of single deterministic values.The analysis presented was carried out for an alpine watershed, located in the Friuli region, Italy, for which some geological and geotechnical data were available. In the past, this watershed experienced landslides and debris flows during intense storms following long and moderate intensity rainfall events. The distributed coupled GEOtop-FS model was calibrated by reproducing some of these events and validated in order to map future failure probabilities.

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“…Recent developments in spatial analysis of mass wasting processes involve the coupling of digital topography with simple models of steady-state rainfall-runoff to calculate sites at which colluvium is most likely to be brought to a critical failure condition. The approach was pioneered by a number of researchers (Okimura and Ichikawa, 1985;Okimura and Nakagawa, 1988;Montgomery and Dietrich, 1994;Pack et al, 1998;Iida, 1999). Current attempts assume constant colluvium properties, including thickness, or compute steady-state thicknesses of colluvium (Dietrich et al, 1995), but recent comparisons of landslide locations with predicted low factors of safety (Montgomery and Dietrich, 1994;Borga et al, 1998;Montgomery et al, 1998Montgomery et al, , 2000 yield encouraging results, indicating that topography provides the most significant forcing of landslide occurrence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of shallow landsliding by using a physically based model of hillslope stability

Borga

Fontana

Gregoretti

et al. 2002

Hydrological Processes

113

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Abstract:A model for the simulation of shallow landsliding triggered by heavy rainstorms is analysed and discussed. The model is applied in two mountainous catchments in the Dolomites (Eastern Italian Alps): the Cordon catchment (5 km 2 and the Vauz catchment (1Ð9 km 2 ), where field surveys provided a description of hydraulic and geotechnical properties of soils and an inventory of landslide scars is available. The stability mapping procedure, which is similar to that proposed by Dietrich (1994 Water Resources Research 30: 1153), combines steady-state hydrologic concepts with the infinite slope stability model. The model provides an estimate of the spatial distribution of the critical rainfall, which is the minimum steady-state rainfall predicted to cause instability. The comparison of the landslides observed in the study basins with model predictions shows that the distribution of critical rainfall obtained from the model provides a surrogate for failure initiation probability as a function of topographic location.

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A Delineation Method for Probable Mountain Slope Failures by a Digital Land Form Model

Cited by 18 publications

References 4 publications

Regional test of a model for shallow landsliding

Regional test of a model for shallow landsliding

Modelling the probability of occurrence of shallow landslides and channelized debris flows using GEOtop‐FS

Assessment of shallow landsliding by using a physically based model of hillslope stability

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