A Depositional Model and the Stratigraphic Development of Modern and Ancient Tide-Dominated Deltas in Nw Borneo

Lambiase, Joseph J.; Damit, Abdul Razak; Simmons, Michael D.; Abdoerrias, R.; Hussin, Azhar

doi:10.2110/pec.03.76.0109

Cited by 29 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…However, establishing a comprehensive set of diagnostic criteria is hindered at present by several factors. As Bhattacharya and Giosan (2003) have pointed out, interpretation of a fossil delta in terms of a tripartite process model can be controversial because many delta systems are a product of a mixed-energy system, and fluvial, tidal, vs. wave domination can vary even between individual lobes on the same delta (see also Lambiase et al 2003). Another serious problem is that, although delta facies descriptions from the ancient record are legion, usually little is known about the location of the delta on the shelf.…”

Section: Sea-level Change and Delta Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deltas and Sea-Level Change

Porębski

Steel

2006

Journal of Sedimentary Research

186

107

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Sea-level shift from the innermost shelf out to the shelf edge produces bayhead, inner-shelf, mid-shelf, and shelfmargin deltas. We suggest that these delta types are distinguishable in the ancient record and that such distinction has advantages as compared to the conventional, entirely process-based classification. Bayhead and inner-shelf deltas tend to form thin clinoforms (a few meters to tens of meters amplitude, respectively), and as they aggrade with rising relative sea level they generate a ''tail'' of thick paralic deposits. Mid-shelf deltas produce clinoforms as high as the mid-shelf water depth, tend to follow a subhorizontal trajectory, generate little or no paralic tail, and are commonly thinned by transgressive ravinement. Shelf-edge deltas in a stable-to-falling relative sea level usually have no paralic tail, create by far the highest clinoforms, and can have a thick succession of sandy turbidites on the delta fronts. If sea level falls below the shelf margin, the shelf-edge delta becomes incised by its own channels and large volumes of sand can be delivered onto the slope and the basin floor.Many deltas require a strong fluvial drive to attain a shelf transit, though as they approach the outer shelf they commonly become wave dominated. Tidal influence can increase on the outermost shelf if relative sea level is falling, if the shelf-break is poorly developed, and if basinal water depth is shallow. During transgression, the system tends to be tidally and/or wave influenced.Deltas that transit back and forth on the shelf on short time scales (tens of kiloyears to 100 ky) and that are driven largely by sea-level fluctuations are referred to here as accommodation-driven deltas. Deltas that can reach the shelf edge without sealevel fall are termed supply-driven deltas. These highstand deltas deposit thick, sandy, stacked parasequences during their shelf transit, and they tend to have an extensive muddy delta front on reaching the shelf-edge area. Such deltas would not normally be incised at the shelf edge, and they would produce a progradational, shelf-edge attached, sandy slope apron (Exxonian shelfmargin systems tract) rather than basin-floor fans, except in cases of extremely high supply.Sequence boundaries are best developed on accommodation-driven deltas, and are likely to be represented on a variety of time scales (third, fourth, and fifth order). Sequence boundaries in supply-dominated deltas may be identifiable only at lowerorder time scales, or they may be non-existent. STEADY-STATE VERSUS EVOLUTIONARY DELTA CLASSIFICATIONDeltas have traditionally been classified in terms of process-product reaction, where delta type is defined by the relative contribution of fluvial-, wave-, or tidal-energy flux that was dominant during deposition at the seaward edge of the delta (Galloway 1975). In this actualistic (based on present highstand of sea level) and uniformitarian (steady-state) approach, the delta system is seen as the outcome of intrabasinal processes, whereas external controls are held constant...

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Section: Sea-level Change and Delta Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deltas and Sea-Level Change

Porębski

Steel

2006

Journal of Sedimentary Research

186

107

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“…Support for this hypothesis is gradually emerging in studies of modern and Holocene deltas (e.g. Rodriguez et al 2000;Lambiase et al 2003;Fielding et al 2005;Ta et al 2005) and rock record examples .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process regime change on a Silurian siliciclastic shelf: controlling influences on deposition of the Gray Sandstone Formation, Pembrokeshire, UK

Hillier

Morrissey

2009

Geological Journal

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Shallow marine deposits comprising the Silurian Gray Sandstone Formation (GSF) exhibit pronounced process regime changes through time. The formation was deposited on the southern shelf of the Lower Palaeozoic Welsh Basin (UK), and conformably overlies the Coralliferous Formation. The basal Lithofacies Assemblage A (of Sheinwoodian age) is dominated by a storm-dominated process regime, comprising shoreface and offshore shelf facies associations. The overlying Lithofacies Assemblage B records a mixed process regime, with units being deposited under both storm-and tide-influenced conditions. Tidal-influence prevailed during deposition of the overlying Lithofacies Assemblage C, with proximal to distal facies variations across a significant tide-influenced river delta being observed. A return to stormdominated shoreface conditions is seen in the succeeding Lithofacies Assemblage D. Lithofacies Assemblage E (Homerian age) records the return of a tide-influenced river delta to the area, prior to the conformable transition into the overlying Old Red Sandstone (ORS) Red Cliff Formation (of Ludlow age). Northward thickening of the formation across southern Pembrokeshire into the Musselwick Fault indicates a tectonic control on sedimentation, the formation infilling accommodation space developed in an intra-shelf half-graben. Recurring changes in process regime from storm-to tide-influenced sedimentation may be related to the onset and subsequent cessation of tidal resonance in subbasins across the shelf area which itself was probably controlled by episodic tectonism. It is proposed that the Coralliferous and Gray Sandstone formations comprise the newly erected Marloes Group.

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“…However, other examples of structurally protected deltas have been reported which makes the current model likely. A somewhat similar setting for a tidal delta within a micro tidal range regime was described by Lambiase et al (2003) from the NW coast of Borneo. There a tidal delta built out into a structurally controlled coastal embayment bordered by a sill at the mouth of the bay which thus sheltered the bay from the open sea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%