A description of the larva of<i>Heliaeschna uninervulata</i>Martin (Odonata: Aeshnidae) from Singapore, with notes on its relationships

Orr, Albert G.; Ngiam, Robin W. J.

doi:10.1080/13887890.2011.575729

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…New larval forms for odonate species living in Singapore are regularly described, but prior to this study the material was mostly obtained via rearing of targeted species or descriptions based on exuviae (Lok & Orr, ; Ngiam, ; Ngiam et al ., ; Orr & Ngiam, ; Ngiam & Leong, ; Ngiam & Dow, ). This approach has led to the larval identification and description of 71 of the 131 species of odonates in Singapore.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards holomorphology in entomology: rapid and cost‐effective adult–larva matching using NGS barcodes

Yeo

Puniamoorthy²,

Ngiam

et al. 2018

Systematic Entomology

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In many taxa the morphology of females and immatures is poorly known because species descriptions and identification tools have a male bias. The root causes are problems with matching life-history stages and genders belonging to the same species. Such matching is time-consuming when conventional methods are used (e.g. rearing) and expensive when the stages are matched with DNA barcodes. Unfortunately, the lack of associations is not a trivial problem because it renders a large part of the phenome of insects unexplored, although larvae and females are useful sources of characters for descriptive and phylogenetic purposes. In addition, many collectors intentionally avoid females and immature stages, which skews survey results, interferes with collecting life-history information, and makes it less likely that rare species are discovered. These problems even exist for well-studied taxa like Odonata, where obtaining adult-larva matches relies largely on rearing. Here we demonstrate how the matching problem can be addressed with cost-effective tagged amplicon sequencing of a 313-bp segment of cox1 with next-generation sequencing (NGS) ('NGS barcoding'). We illustrate the value of this approach based on Singapore's odonate fauna which is of a similar size as the European fauna (Singapore, 122 extant species; Europe, 138 recorded species). We match the larvae and adults of 59 species by first creating a barcode database for 338 identified adult specimens representing 83 species. We then sequence 1178 larvae from a wide range of sources. We successfully barcode 1123 specimens, which leads to adult-larva matches for 59 species based on our own barcodes (55) and online barcode databases (4). With these additions, 84 of the 131 species recorded in Singapore have now been associated with a species name. Most common species are now matched (83%), and good progress has been made for vulnerable/near-threatened (55%), endangered (53%), and critically endangered species (38%). We used nondestructive DNA extraction methods in order to be able to use high-resolution imaging of matched larvae to establish a publicly available digital reference collection for odonates which is incorporated into 'Biodiversity of Singapore' (https://singapore.biodiversity.online/). We suggest that the methods described here are suitable for many insect taxa because NGS barcoding allows for fast and low-cost matching of well-studied life-history stages with neglected semaphoronts (eggs, larvae, females). We estimate that the specimen-specific amplicons in this study (c. 1500 specimens) can now be obtained within eight working days and that the laboratory and sequencing cost is c. US$600 (< US$0.40 per specimen).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards holomorphology in entomology: rapid and cost‐effective adult–larva matching using NGS barcodes

Yeo

Puniamoorthy²,

Ngiam

et al. 2018

Systematic Entomology

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“…Following the description of the larva of this species (Orr & Ngiam, 2011) the larva of H. simplicia was discovered and described (Butler & Orr, 2013). H. simplicia presented an unusual character, a swelling on the top of the vertex incorporating the ocellar mound bearing a dense tuft of long, thick setae.…”

Section: Heliaeschna Uninervulatamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genus Heliaeschna Selys currently includes 11 recognised species occurring in tropical Africa and south-east Asia (Schorr & Paulson, 2012). Present thinking holds that the five African species and six Asian species are not congeneric (Dijkstra, 2005), and it has been suggested on the basis of larval characters that the south-east Asian species may represent at least two, possibly three genera (Kawashima & Sasamoto, 2007;Orr & Ngiam, 2011;Butler & Orr, 2013). To date there is no available description of the larva of any African species but the larvae of three Oriental species are known and described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date there is no available description of the larva of any African species but the larvae of three Oriental species are known and described. These are H. filostyla Martin, a species endemic to Sulawesi, described by Kawashima and Sasamoto (2007), H. uninervulata Martin from Singapore (Orr & Ngiam, 2011) and H. simplicia Karsch from Borneo (Butler & Orr, 2013). The adults of these three species are all very distinct.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We compare the larval characters of this species with those of the three Heliaeschna species for which larvae are already known and discuss their taxonomic implications. In addition we amend the description of H. uninervulata (Orr & Ngiam, 2011) following further examination of exuviae of both sexes of this species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A description of the larva ofHeliaeschna idaeBrauer from Borneo, with a supplementary note on the larva ofH. univervulataMartin (Odonata: Aeshnidae)

Orr¹,

Ngiam²,

Dow³

2013

International Journal of Odonatology

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The final instar larva of Heliaeschna idae Brauer is described and figured for the first time based on the exuvia from an advanced female larva collected in Sarawak, Borneo (East Malaysia). It is compared with the known larvae of the genus and is concluded to be most closely allied to Heliaeschna simplicia Karsch, with which it shares a unique structure on the anterior margin of the prementum of the labium, along with several other distinctive characters. The dorsal structure of the head of H. uninervulata is re-examined and illustrated. It is shown to bear a prominent convexity and tuft of long setae on the vertex which is similar to a structure previously recorded only in H. simplicia, and which is only weakly developed in H. idae. The taxonomic implications of these partly conflicting observations are discussed and it is concluded the Oriental members of the genus Heliaeschna might be separated into two or three separate genera, which are as yet unnamed.

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The Dragonfly Nymphs of Thailand (Odonata: Anisoptera)

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A description of the larva ofHeliaeschna uninervulataMartin (Odonata: Aeshnidae) from Singapore, with notes on its relationships

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Towards holomorphology in entomology: rapid and cost‐effective adult–larva matching using NGS barcodes

Towards holomorphology in entomology: rapid and cost‐effective adult–larva matching using NGS barcodes

A description of the larva ofHeliaeschna idaeBrauer from Borneo, with a supplementary note on the larva ofH. univervulataMartin (Odonata: Aeshnidae)

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