A descriptive model of the cigarette epidemic in developed countries

López, Alan D.; Collishaw, Neil; Piha, T

doi:10.1136/tc.3.3.242

Cited by 986 publications

(981 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

867

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Of all 1998 adult deaths (aged 425), 8% were attributed to smoking in an analysis of information on the death notification form . Smoking prevalence may increase with the growth of the black middle class but is unlikely to reach the levels seen in developed countries in the past, due to peer attitudes and ever more stringent antitobacco legislation (Lopez et al, 1994). Case -control studies and analysis of the smoking questions on the national death notification form will allow the burden of tobacco-related disease to be monitored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tobacco smoking on cancer and cardiovascular disease in urban black South Africans

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Demographic and lifestyle information from 9690 black patients diagnosed with cancer or cardiovascular disease was collected in an ongoing case -control study in Johannesburg, South Africa. Compared to never smokers, the odds ratio (OR) for lung cancer among current smokers was 16.3 (95% confidence interval (CI), 9.6 -27.6) for men and 6.4 (95% CI, 4.0 -10.4) for women. The corresponding OR for other smoking-related cancers was 4.6 (95% CI, 3.7 -5.7) among men and 1.9 (95% CI, 1.6 -2.2) among women, and for cardiovascular disease, 3.4 (95% CI, 2.1 -5.4) among men and 1.5 (95% CI, 1.1 -2.1) among women. Risks were higher among smokers than former smokers, and all risk estimates increased with increasing levels of smoking duration and intensity. Non-electric domestic fuel was associated with approximately 60% increase in the risk of smoking-related cancer, but not cardiovascular disease. Risks for cancers of cervix, oesophagus, oral cavity/pharynx, stomach, larynx, pancreas and anogenital region, as well as squamous cell carcinoma of skin were all significantly higher among current than never-smokers, with ORs ranging from 1.5 for cervix (95% CI, 1.2 -1.8) to 14.7 for larynx (95% CI, 7.2 -30). The risks of tobacco-related disease reported here are similar to that currently observed in Western countries, even though cigarette consumption is relatively low in this population.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tobacco smoking on cancer and cardiovascular disease in urban black South Africans

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The pattern was similar in Norway, although peak cigarette consumption was lower and occurred more than 10 years later (around 2100 cigarettes per year in 1975). Given the shape of the cigarette consumption and the cigarette smoking prevalence curves over time, the rise and fall of cigarette smoking has typically been described as an epidemic (Lopez et al, 1994;Thun et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing the cigarette epidemic: An age-period-cohort study of education, gender and smoking using a pseudo-panel approach

Vedøy¹

2014

Social Science Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

(online), with the title: Tracing the cigarette epidemic: An age-period-cohort study of education, gender and smoking using a pseudo-panel approach http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0049089X14001033Tracing the cigarette epidemic: An age-period-cohort study of education, gender and smoking using a pseudopanel approach AbstractThis study examined if temporal variations in daily cigarette smoking and never-smoking among groups with different levels of education fit the pattern proposed by the theory of diffusion of innovations (TDI), while taking into account the separate effects of age, period and birth cohort (APC). Aggregated data from nationally representative interview surveys from Norway from 1976 to 2010 was used to calculate probabilities of smoking using an APC approach in which the period variable was normalized to pick up short term cyclical effects. Results showed that educational differences in smoking over time were more strongly determined by birth cohort membership than variations in smoking behavior across the life course. The probability of daily smoking decreased faster across cohorts among higher compared to lower educated. In contrast, the change in probability of never having smoked across cohorts was similar in the two education groups, but stronger among men compared to women. Moreover, educational differences in both daily and never-smoking increased among early cohorts and leveled off among late cohorts. The results emphasizes the importance of birth cohort for social change and are consistent with TDI, which posits that smoking behavior diffuse through the social structure over time.

show abstract

“…In high-income nations, cigarette use began among high SES males, spread to females and lower SES males, abated among high SES males and females (Lopez, Collishaw, & Piha, 1994), and is now concentrated among low SES groups (Barbeau, Krieger, & Soobader, 2004). However, the adoption of cigarettes in low-and middle-income nations has emerged in a world context that has changed substantially.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco use in sub-Sahara Africa: Estimates from the demographic health surveys

Pampel

2008

Social Science & Medicine

147

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite the growing problem of global tobacco use, accurate information on the prevalence and patterns in the world's poorest nations remains sparse. For sub-Sahara Africa, in particular, a weak knowledge base limits the targeting of strategies to combat the potential growth of tobacco use and its harmful effect on future mortality. To describe the prevalence and social patterns of the use of cigarettes and other tobacco in Africa, this study examines population-based data from 16 Demographic Health Surveys (DHS) of men aged 15-54 years and women aged 15-49 years in 14 nations. Descriptive statistics show the highest cigarette use among men in several nations of east central Africa and Madagascar, lowest use in nations of west central Africa, and medium use in nations of southern Africa. Multinomial logistic regression results for men show highest cigarette use among urban, less educated, and lower status workers. Results for women show much lower prevalence than men but similar social patterns of use. The DHS results thus give new and comparable information about tobacco use in low-income nations, disadvantaged social groups, and an understudied region of the world.

show abstract

A descriptive model of the cigarette epidemic in developed countries

Cited by 986 publications

References 2 publications

Effects of tobacco smoking on cancer and cardiovascular disease in urban black South Africans

Effects of tobacco smoking on cancer and cardiovascular disease in urban black South Africans

Tracing the cigarette epidemic: An age-period-cohort study of education, gender and smoking using a pseudo-panel approach

Tobacco use in sub-Sahara Africa: Estimates from the demographic health surveys

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About