A Design for a Manufacturing-Constrained Off-Axis Four-Mirror Reflective System

Liu, Ruoxin; Li, Zexiao; Duan, Yiting

doi:10.3390/app10155387

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…Aderneuer et al [239] presented the CAD based tool for freeform micro-optical arrays which is able to visualize the difference between design and manufacturing constraints at the earlier stages of optical design. GA based manufacturing constrained design technique was proposed for the four mirror system [240]. In design, the manufacturing constraints such as position of all the mirrors and curvature radii of the mirror surface should be considered to reduce the machining time in ultra-precision raster milling.…”

Section: Manufacturing Oriented Design Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the design and manufacturing of novel freeform optics

Kumar

Tong

Jiang

2022

Int. J. Extrem. Manuf.

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Freeform optics has become the most prominent element of the optics industry. Advanced freeform optical designs supplementary to ultra-precision manufacturing and metrology techniques have upgraded the lifestyle, thinking, and observing power of existing humans. Imaginations related to space explorations, portability, accessibility have also witnessed sensible in today’s time with freeform optics. Present-day design methods and fabrications techniques applicable in the development of freeform optics and the market requirements are focussed and explained with the help of traditional and non-traditional optical applications. Over the years, significant research is performed in the emerging field of freeform optics, but no standards are established yet in terms of tolerances and definitions. We critically review the optical design methods for freeform optics considering the image forming and non-image forming applications. Numerous subtractive manufacturing technologies including figure correction methods and metrology have been developed to fabricate extreme modern freeform optics to satisfy the demands of various applications such as space, astronomy, earth science, defence, biomedical, material processing, surveillance, and many more. We described a variety of advanced technologies in manufacturing and metrology for novel freeform optics. Next, we also covered the manufacturing-oriented design scheme for advanced optics. We conclude this review with an outlook on the future of freeform optics design, manufacturing and metrology.

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Section: Manufacturing Oriented Design Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the design and manufacturing of novel freeform optics

Kumar

Tong

Jiang

2022

Int. J. Extrem. Manuf.

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Optical freeform reflective imaging system design method with manufacturing constraints

Cai¹,

Li²,

Yu³

et al. 2023

Appl. Opt.

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With the development of space optics, optical freeform surfaces have gradually been utilized in reflective optical imaging systems in recent years. Freeform surfaces not only bring many benefits to the optical imaging system, but also present many challenges to their manufacture. Regardless of the machining method used, machining errors during the fabrication of freeform surfaces will exist, which limits the accuracy of freeform surface machining. In this paper, the deviation root mean square (RMS) of a freeform surface from the reference aspheric surface is proposed to evaluate the manufacturability of the freeform surface by using single-point diamond turning. Then the deviation RMS of freeform surfaces is added to the design process of the optical system as a manufacturing constraint. Subsequently, an off-axis three-mirror system and an off-axis two-mirror system with and without manufacturing constraints are designed, respectively. Then the imaging quality of these optical systems and the linear interpolation error RMS of freeform mirror are analyzed. It can be concluded that, on the basis of reaching the imaging quality requirements, the machining difficulty of a freeform mirror can be reduced when adding manufacturing constraints to the design process.

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Off-axis four-mirror telescope with a wide field of view and a long focal length using double integrated mirrors

Zhu,

Xie,

Chen

et al. 2023

Appl. Opt.

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An off-axis four-mirror optical system has the advantages of a wide field of view (FOV) and a small telephoto ratio. However, it will bring difficulties in assembly and detection. Here we report an off-axis four-mirror free-form telescope with a long focal length and a wide field of view based on two integration mirrors. The initial structure of a coaxial four-mirror optical system is established based on the Seidel aberration theory. A Zernike Fringe free-form surface is introduced to correct aberrations. By gradually increasing the entrance pupil diameter and the FOV, we finally obtain an off-axis four-mirror telescope with a FOV of 0.4∘×20∘, an F-number of 11.5, a long focal length of 2000 mm, and a volume of 360×400×600mm3. In addition, four mirrors remain coaxially aligned, remarkably facilitating detection and adjustment. The proposed off-axis four-mirror telescope, with double integration mirrors, holds great potential for application in aerospace remote sensing observations.

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A Design for a Manufacturing-Constrained Off-Axis Four-Mirror Reflective System

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Advances in the design and manufacturing of novel freeform optics

Advances in the design and manufacturing of novel freeform optics

Optical freeform reflective imaging system design method with manufacturing constraints

Off-axis four-mirror telescope with a wide field of view and a long focal length using double integrated mirrors

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