“…In addition, the centrifugal force contributes to balance because of the circular motion. Moreover, uncontrolled bicycles can balance themselves within certain velocity ranges, which depend on different bicycle-design parameters [5]. For example, gyroscope, perturbation stationary bycycrobot system, inverted pendulum nonlinear controllers, robust two-stage active disturbance rejection control, fuzzy sliding-mode underactuated control, proportional derivative (PD) controllers, and proportional integral derivative (PID) controllers have been presented in distinctive researches [6]- [11].…”