A detailed investigation of the temperature-controlled fluidized bed solar dryer: A numerical, experimental, and modeling study

Gürel, Ali Etem; Ağbulut, Ümit; Ergün, Alper; Ceylan, İlhan; Sözen, Adnan; Tuncer, Azim Doğuş; Khanları, Ataollah

doi:10.1016/j.seta.2021.101703

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…An additional biomass furnace was needed to integrate to get the desired drying temperature of 61–78°C. The average inlet and outlet temperature of SAH developed by Gürel et al (2022) for FBD of mint leaves was reported to be 31°C and 57°C, respectively. Cooler mornings and afternoons could be viewed favorably from the perspective of intermittent drying.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 4, It is possible to say that the fabricated dryer is likely to dry up to 50 C (in continuous mode) and a maximum of up to 65 C; no heat sources are needed except solar. The maximum ambient temperature was recorded as 25.9 C at 12:00 h. In contrast, the SAH array (series of two) developed by Yahya et al (2017) for FBD of paddies (Oryza sativa L.) could raise the ambient air temperature (34.9 C) only up to 51 C. An additional biomass furnace was needed to integrate to get the desired drying temperature of 61-78 C. The average inlet and outlet temperature of SAH developed byGürel et al (2022) for FBD of mint leaves was reported to be 31 C and 57 C, respectively. Cooler mornings and afternoons could be viewed favorably from the perspective of intermittent drying.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Investigation of osmosonication pretreated chili (Capsicum frutescensL.) drying in solar‐assisted fluidized bed dryer utilizing dehumidified air

Majumder

Deb

Gupta

2023

J Food Process Engineering

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The heat and moisture sensitivity of spices and a consistent supply of electrical energy is the challenging factors in developing a relevant drying system for rural applications. A novel solar-assisted fluidized bed dryer was developed for drying locally harvested unique spices like bird's eye chili (Capsicum frutescens L.). The chili was pretreated by the osmosonication method prior to drying to expedite the elimination of intercellular and intracellular moisture. In order to make the dryer more reliable, the recirculation strategy and dehumidified air supplied by liquid desiccant were acclimatized to constrict the heat loss through outflowing moist drying air. The experiments were conducted up to the permissible water activity (0.4-0.6) under variable drying conditions (50-70 C). By raising the ambient inlet temperature (maximum 25.9 C), the developed solar FBD was able to supply the drying air up to 50 C (in continuous mode) and a maximum of up to 65 C without aiding any heat energy sources except solar. It was found that osmosonication opened up the possibility of reducing the required drying temperature (#10 C) and energy consumption (up to #31.7%). The dried red chili was fortified by pretreatment, as it could retain more capsaicin (>6%) and reddishness (>5%) compared to untreated samples. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis showed the structural integrity of pretreated samples. The relative humidity of the drying air could be reduced by as much as 5% using the composite lithium chloride and calcium chloride (35% + 5%) desiccant dehumidifier. Dehumidification of air was found advantageous, with an inclination to shorten the drying duration (about #0.5 h) and energy (#12.43%). Practical ApplicationsThere are various commercially valuable unique agro-products that are exclusively being produced in rural areas. The inaccessibility of relevant drying technology and inconsistency of grid electricity are the main constraints in the value addition of those products. Open sun drying is most popular in rural areas; however, it is not reliable, and the product quality can't maintain. The developed solar-assisted fluidized bed dryer utilizing dehumidifying air and integrated with osmosonication pretreatment could be a relevant technology for drying heat and moisture-sensitive products

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Investigation of osmosonication pretreated chili (Capsicum frutescensL.) drying in solar‐assisted fluidized bed dryer utilizing dehumidified air

Majumder

Deb

Gupta

2023

J Food Process Engineering

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“…In the CFD technique, k − ε model is widely used in numerical solutions, that is also considered in the present study for simulation turbulators model. It should be stated that k − ε model is used in simulation of similar solar collectors and its accuracy is reported in different research studies (Karaaslan and Menlik, 2021; Gürel et al , 2022; Tuncer et al , 2020a). In k − ε model, two transport formulas are provided as a general expression for turbulent flow.…”

Section: Simulation Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and experimental investigation of a solar absorber extension tube with turbulators for upgrading the performance of a solar dryer

Khanları

Afshari

Sözen

et al. 2022

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Purpose During the past several years, research and studies in the field of solar energy have been continuously increased. One of the substantial applications of solar energy is related to industrial utilization for the drying process by efficient heat transfer methods. This study aims to upgrade the overall performance of an indirect solar dryer using a solar absorber extension tube (SET) equipped with ball-type turbulators. Design/methodology/approach In this work, three various SETs including hollow (SET Type 1), 6-balls (SET Type 2) and 10-balls (SET Type 3), have been simulated using Fluent software to evaluate heat transfer characteristics and flow structure along the air passage. Then, the modified solar drying system has been manufactured and tested at different configurations. Findings The findings indicated that adding a SET improved the performance notably. According to the results, using turbulators in the tube has a positive effect on heat transfer. The highest overall thermal efficiency was found in the range of 51.47%–64.71% for the system with SET Type 3. The maximum efficiency increment of the system was found as 19% with the use of SET. Also, the average specific moisture extraction rate, which is a significant factor to survey the effectiveness of the dehumidification system was found between 0.20 and 0.38 kg kWh−1. Originality/value In the present study, a novel SET has been developed to upgrade the performance of the solar dehumidifier. This new approach makes it possible to improve both thermal and drying performances.

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“…Besides, the rate of heat transfer through various other mechanisms can be improved. Some of the most important examples to be presented are increasing the temperature difference between the fluid and the surface (Gürel et al , 2022), increasing the fluid flow rate (Afshari et al , 2016), disrupting the laminar sublayer (Pimsarn et al , 2021), enhancing effective thermal conductivity of solid and fluid under dynamic and static conditions, promoting flow attachment, increasing the order of the fluid molecules and modification of radioactive property (Mandev et al , 2022; Lee et al , 1999; Wang et al , 1999; Sundar et al , 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and numerical investigation of flow and thermal characteristics of aluminum block exchanger using surface-modified and recycled nanofluids

Gülmüş

Muratçobanoğlu

Mandev

et al. 2023

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to numerically and experimentally survey the thermal efficiency of a block-type heat exchanger operated in different working conditions by using pure water and two nanofluids as heat transfer fluids. Design/methodology/approach An aluminum block-type heat exchanger integrated with Peltier thermoelectric element was designed and installed to operate in a cycle, and the thermal performance of the heat exchanger, heat transfer rate, Nusselt and heat transfer coefficient variations were examined at different bath water temperatures by using recycled nanofluids. New generation surface-modified Fe3O4@SiO2-mix-(CH2)3Cl@Imidazol/water nanofluid was used as heat transfer fluid in the cycle. In addition, CFD simulation was performed using ANSYS/Fluent to investigate the temperature distribution and fluid flow structure in the used heat exchanger. Findings Experiments were carried out by using numerical and experimental methods. In the experiments, the operating conditions such as flow rate, volume fraction of the nanofluid and water bath temperature were changed to find the effect of each parameter on the thermal efficiency. The Reynolds number varied depending on the test conditions, which was calculated in the range of approximately 100 < Re < 350. In addition, Nusselt number and heat transfer coefficient of test fluids were very close to each other. For 0.4% nanofluid, the maximum h value was obtained as 3837.1, when the Reynolds number was measured as 314.4. Originality/value In the scientific articles published in the field of heat exchangers operated by nanofluids, little attention has been paid to the stability of the nanofluids and sedimentation of particles in the base fluids. In addition, in most cases, experiments were implemented using an electrical resistance as a heat source. In this research, stable surface-modified nanofluids were used as heat transfer fluids, and it was found that the Peltier thermoelectric can be used as heat sources with acceptable efficiency in flat-type heat exchangers and even non-circular channels.

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A detailed investigation of the temperature-controlled fluidized bed solar dryer: A numerical, experimental, and modeling study

Cited by 17 publications

References 93 publications

Investigation of osmosonication pretreated chili (Capsicum frutescensL.) drying in solar‐assisted fluidized bed dryer utilizing dehumidified air

Investigation of osmosonication pretreated chili (Capsicum frutescensL.) drying in solar‐assisted fluidized bed dryer utilizing dehumidified air

Numerical and experimental investigation of a solar absorber extension tube with turbulators for upgrading the performance of a solar dryer

Experimental and numerical investigation of flow and thermal characteristics of aluminum block exchanger using surface-modified and recycled nanofluids

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