A Developmental View of Mental Health Manpower Trends

Pattison, Ε. Mansell; Elpers, John R.

doi:10.1176/ps.23.11.325

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…As noted earlier, strong arguments can be adduced in favour of a direct entry, university trained, generic mental health worker. The notion of a generic mental health worker was mooted in the USA over three decades ago (Bouhoutsos 1970), and has been discussed briefly by Morgan & Harding‐Price (2001), Munro (2000), and Pattison & Elpers (1972). During the period 1998–2002, the present author articulated in detail the rationale for this change, and defended it at length, on the ‘Psych‐nursing’ e‐list managed by Professor Len Bowers of City University, London.…”

Section: The Psychiatric Workforce In the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

The slow death of psychiatric nursing: what next?

Holmes

2006

Psychiatric Ment Health Nurs

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Nursing has always struggled for recognition and status, and there has always been exploitation and shortages, and no more so than in psychiatric settings. Today, however, nursing is in truly dire straits and, as a consequence, psychiatric nursing is more precariously positioned than ever. In order to think constructively about psychiatric nursing's future, it is crucial that this wider context in which it operates is fully appreciated, and this paper begins by summarizing the key features of this context from an international perspective. It is argued that dramatic changes occurring in 'Western' societies call for radical changes in public and professional thinking, and in their vision for health care in the future. Beginning with the general nursing context, this paper depicts the perilous state of psychiatric nursing and mental health care in Australia and elsewhere, and suggests some of the causal factors. It concludes by arguing that the future mental health workforce should be a graduate specialist who stands outside existing disciplinary identities.

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Section: The Psychiatric Workforce In the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

The slow death of psychiatric nursing: what next?

Holmes

2006

Psychiatric Ment Health Nurs

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“…It could be argued that these conclusions have not been substantiated because they do not take into account the vested interests of the professions in continuing existing professional differentiations between psychiatry, psychology, social work, and nursing. Such differentiations maintain the long-standing patterns of hierarchical authority, status, and rewards within the field of mental health (Zander, Cohen, and Statland 1957; Barker and Briggs 1968;Pattison and Elpers 1972). This professional hierarchy appears (Spray 1968), in fact, to have been strengthened rather than weakened by the community menta~ health movement, presumably because of the dependence of this movement on psychotropic medications which, currently, o:p.ly physicians can prescribe.…”

Section: Role Diffusion and Professional Differentiation In Communitymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Projections in the literature (Pattison and Elpers 1972;Teare and McPheeters 1972) a~out future professional practice in the field of community mental health have suggested that significant changes will : be occurring in• the character of social work practice in this field.…”

Section: Social Work Practice and The Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Social Workers in the Community Mental Health Field A Delphi Forecast of Training Priorities

Thomas¹,

Clay²

2000

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This thesis describes an exploratory research project initiated to facilitate curriculum planning for, and evaluation of, a social work. training program in the field of community mental health. The literature concerning community mental health, the historical relationship of social work to this field, and current issues in social work manpower and education was reviewed as part of the thesis project. On the basis of the review, a study was undertaken to determine appropriate priorities for training Master's l~vel social workers specializing in th:PS field of practice. The tesearchers

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“…Although these professions have adapted to the changes, there has been regular discussion about whether a new form of mental health worker should be developed (Bouhoutsos, 1970;Pattison & Elpers, 1972;Munro, 2000;Morgan & Harding-Price, 2001). Some new forms have emerged, for example counsellors, but these have had a marginal impact, if any, on the care of people with severe mental illness.…”

Section: What About Generic Mental Health Workers?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, graduates in social sciences and psychology often express a general interest in 'working with people'. Many of the latter apply for the relatively few clinical psychology courses and psychology assistant posts (and again have been a recruitment source in the USA (Pattison & Elpers, 1972)). Application rates for these posts are very high and those who fail in their attempts tend not to pursue other avenues into mental health services, for example through training in one of the mental health professions.…”

Section: Are There New Sources For Recruitment?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The mental health practitioner – bypassing the recruitment bottleneck

Kingdon

2002

Psychiatr. bull.

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Lack of resources has been a major restriction on the development of mental health services. However, even with the resources currently available there are insufficient numbers of trained medical, nursing, occupational therapy, psychology and social work staff to maintain services to adequate levels in many areas. This seriously interferes with provision of services, especially in acute wards but also in other areas. It certainly restricts developments and the use of skills attained through training (e.g. from THORN psychosocial intervention courses (Gournay & Birley, 1998)). The introduction of crisis resolution and early intervention teams, as described in the NHS Implementation Guide (Department of Health, 2001a), looks likely to simply deprive in-patient wards and community teams of staff, making the new teams ineffective through lack of core services. This will occur directly by recruitment of staff from them, or competitively through taking new entrants from nursing and social work programmes. Solutions proposed have included increasing numbers of support workers and administration staff; recruitment from abroad; or increased delegation of tasks, but there remains a need for more appropriately-trained professional staff.

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A Developmental View of Mental Health Manpower Trends

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

The slow death of psychiatric nursing: what next?

The slow death of psychiatric nursing: what next?

Social Workers in the Community Mental Health Field A Delphi Forecast of Training Priorities

The mental health practitioner – bypassing the recruitment bottleneck

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