A diet enriched with cocoa prevents IgE synthesis in a rat allergy model

Abril-Gil, Mar; Massot-Cladera, Malén; Pérez-Cano, Francisco J.; Castellote, Cristina; Franch, Àngels; Castell, Margarida

doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2012.02.001

Cited by 51 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Although IL-4 plays an essential role in the antibody class-switching to IgE synthesis [34,35], it was not lowered in MLN from cocoa-fed animals, which agrees with previous studies on cocoa-fed allergic rats [12]. Interestingly, both cocoa diets showed a protective role against the increase of other Th2-cytokines such as IL-5 and IL-13, and the CC diet also decreased the release of the Th1-cytokines IL-1α, IL-1β and IFN- from MLN cells.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In addition, a diet containing 10% of cocoa in a rat allergy model induced by only an i.p. immunization demonstrates an important inhibition in Th2-specific antibodies [12]. These results prompted us to ascertain both the effect of this diet on a FA model and its repercussions on anaphylactic response [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, we have previously reported the inhibitory effect of a cocoa-enriched diet on specific IgE and other Th2-related antibodies in intraperitoneally (i.p.) sensitized allergic Brown Norway rats [12]. In humans, a clinical trial in persistent allergic rhinitis patients demonstrates the ability of apple polyphenols to ameliorate clinical symptoms [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of a cocoa-enriched diet on immune response and anaphylaxis in a food allergy model in Brown Norway rats

Abril-Gil

Pérez-Cano

Franch

et al. 2016

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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Previous studies have demonstrated that cocoa intake decreased Th2 immune-related antibodies in rats. In consequence, we aimed to study in depth this cocoa action, particularly assessing its effect on a rat model of food allergy (FA) and also on an anaphylactic response. The involvement of the intestinal immune system was analyzed to allow the action mechanisms to be investigated. The role of cocoa flavonoids in the antiallergic properties of cocoa was also established. Brown Norway rats were fed either a reference diet or diets containing conventional cocoa (CC) or nonfermented cocoa (NFC). FA to ovalbumin (OVA) was induced and, later, an anaphylactic response was provoked. As expected, the synthesis of anti-OVA IgE and other Th2-related antibodies was inhibited by CC diet. In addition, the release of mast cell protease II after anaphylaxis was partially prevented by CC, although other variables were not modified. The CC diet also attenuated the increase of some Th2-related cytokines released from mesenteric lymph node and spleen cells, and modulated the intestinal gene expression of molecules involved in allergic response. These results demonstrated the local and systemic influence of CC diet. The effects of the NFC diet were weaker than those of CC, suggesting that cocoa components other than flavonoids play a role in cocoa's action. In conclusion, by acting on intestinal and systemic immune functions, a cocoa-enriched diet in rats exhibited a protective effect against FA and partially against anaphylaxis, making this a food of high interest to the fields of health and immunonutrition.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of a cocoa-enriched diet on immune response and anaphylaxis in a food allergy model in Brown Norway rats

Abril-Gil

Pérez-Cano

Franch

et al. 2016

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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“…Specifically, the accurate analysis of antibodies revealed that the most attenuated isotypes were specific IgM, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2c antibodies, whereas specific IgG2b concentrations held steady or even increased with the 10% cocoa diet. As IgG rat isotypes can be associated with Th1 (IgG2b) or Th2 (IgG1 and IgG2a) immune response (22), these results may suggest a regulatory effect of cocoa in Th2-immune responses. This lowering effect on specific IgG1 and IgG2a, and therefore on Th2-related response, could be associated with cocoa polyphenols given that other polyphenols, such as genistein, chrysin, and apigenin (23, 24), and those from apple or soybean caused similar results (23, 25).…”

Section: Cocoa Influences Systemic Antibody Synthesismentioning

confidence: 90%

Cocoa Diet and Antibody Immune Response in Preclinical Studies

et al. 2017

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The ability of cocoa to interact with the immune system in vitro and in vivo has been described. In the latter context, a cocoa-enriched diet in healthy rats was able to modify the immune system’s functionality. This fact could be observed in the composition and functionality of lymphoid tissues, such as the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes. Consequently, immune effector mechanisms, such as antibody synthesis, were modified. A cocoa-enriched diet in young rats was able to attenuate the serum levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgM, and IgA and also the intestinal IgM and IgA secretion. Moreover, in immunized rats, the intake of cocoa decreased specific IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2c, and IgM concentrations in serum. This immune-regulator potential was then tested in disease models in which antibodies play a pathogenic role. A cocoa-enriched diet was able to partially prevent the synthesis of autoantibodies in a model of autoimmune arthritis in rats and was also able to protect against IgE and T helper 2-related antibody synthesis in two rat models of allergy. Likewise, a cocoa-enriched diet prevented an oral sensitization process in young rats. In this review, we will focus on the influence of cocoa on the acquired branch of the immune function. Therefore, we will focus on how a cocoa diet influences lymphocyte function both in the systemic and intestinal immune system. Likewise, its potential role in preventing some antibody-induced immune diseases is also included. Although further studies must characterize the particular cocoa components responsible for such effects and nutritional studies in humans need to be carried out, cocoa has potential as a nutraceutical agent in some hypersensitivity status.

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“…10 Quantification of rat mast cell protease Serum RMCP-II concentration was measured using a commercial ELISA set (Moredun Animal Health, Edinburgh, UK) with slight modifications. In brief, ELISA plates were coated with anti-RMCP-II antibody (overnight, 4 C).…”

Section: Quantification Of Anti-ova Ige Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor activity as an unbiased variable to assess anaphylaxis in allergic rats

Abril-Gil

Garcia-Just

Cambras

et al. 2015

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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The release of mediators by mast cells triggers allergic symptoms involving various physiological systems and, in the most severe cases, the development of anaphylactic shock compromising mainly the nervous and cardiovascular systems. We aimed to establish variables to objectively study the anaphylactic response (AR) after an oral challenge in an allergy model. Brown Norway rats were immunized by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin with alum and toxin from Bordetella pertussis. Specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E antibodies were developed in immunized animals. Forty days after immunization, the rats were orally challenged with the allergen, and motor activity, body temperature and serum mast cell protease concentration were determined. The anaphylaxis induced a reduction in body temperature and a decrease in the number of animal movements, which was inversely correlated with serum mast cell protease release. In summary, motor activity is a reliable tool for assessing AR and also an unbiased method for screening new anti-allergic drugs.

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A diet enriched with cocoa prevents IgE synthesis in a rat allergy model

Cited by 51 publications

References 41 publications

Effect of a cocoa-enriched diet on immune response and anaphylaxis in a food allergy model in Brown Norway rats

Effect of a cocoa-enriched diet on immune response and anaphylaxis in a food allergy model in Brown Norway rats

Cocoa Diet and Antibody Immune Response in Preclinical Studies

Motor activity as an unbiased variable to assess anaphylaxis in allergic rats

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