A differential threshold voltage compensated RF-DC power converter for RFID tag ICs

Zöscher, Lukas; Herkess, Peter; Grosinger, Jasmin; Muehlmann, Ulrich; Amschl, Dominik; Bösch, Wolfgang

doi:10.1109/inmmic.2017.7927297

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The design challenge of such RF-to-DC rectifiers/voltage multipliers (RVMs) is to achieve the highest possible power conversion efficiency (PCE). In general, there are RVM topologies that use diodes or diode-connected transistors in differential full-wave [5,26] or single-ended half-wave rectifiers [10,16,17]. Using Schottky diodes [11]-because of their lower turn-on voltage-is another possibility, but might not be available in a chosen technology.…”

Section: Rf-energy-harvestingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwatt power management: challenges of on-chip energy harvesting

Schmickl

Faseth

Pretl

2020

Elektrotech. Inftech.

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IoT devices become more and more popular which implies a growing interest in easily maintainable and battery-independent power sources, as wires and batteries are unpractical in application scenarios where billions of devices get deployed. To keep the costs low and to achieve the smallest possible form factor, SoC implementations with integrated energy harvesting and power management units are a welcome innovation.On-chip energy harvesting solutions are typically only capable of supplying power in the order of microwatts. A significant design challenge exists for the functional blocks of the IoT-SoC as well as for the power management unit itself as the harvested voltage has to be converted to a higher and more usable voltage. Simultaneously, the power management blocks have to be as efficient as possible with the lowest possible quiescent currents.In this paper, we provide a look at on-chip microwatt power management. Starting with the energy-harvesting from RF power or light, we then show state-of-the-art implementations of ultra-low power voltage references and ultra-low power low-dropout regulator (LDO) designs.

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Section: Rf-energy-harvestingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwatt power management: challenges of on-chip energy harvesting

Schmickl

Faseth

Pretl

2020

Elektrotech. Inftech.

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“…Dependent on the local regulations, the maximum allowed transmitted power in this band amounts to 36 dBm EIRP, which corresponds to a maximum available power of 27 µW at a distance of 10 m [21]. So the circuit design challenge is to build an RF to DC rectifier circuit with highest possible efficiency, in the best case of over 40%, where a threshold voltage compensation circuit can effectively maximize the efficiency and decrease the input sensitivity at the same time [36].…”

Section: Energy Harvestingmentioning

confidence: 99%

From microwatt to gigabit: challenges of modern radio design

Pretl¹,

Faseth²,

Schumacher³

et al. 2018

Elektrotech. Inftech.

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On the brink of introducing the fifth generation (5G) of cellular networks, the art of radio-frequency (RF) integrated circuit design has never seen such a wide spread of diverging requirements:On the one hand, ubiquitous sensor networks are mandating power budgets in the order of micro-watt. They should be constructed as energy-autonomous, wireless, low-cost sensor nodes. This demand is caused by massive deployment scenarios of billions of devices, which makes wires and batteries unpractical. As a result, the desire for the radio nodes to harvest their operational energy from the environment emerges.On the other hand, the recent and ongoing realization of gigabit-per-second capable cellular modems is driving hardware and power requirements to extremes. To overcome hardware limitations, introduced by analog impairments, digital correction and alignment algorithms are employed for compensation. These factors call for usage of expensive advanced CMOS technology nodes and increased utilization of digital signal processing techniques.In this paper, we recap ongoing trends and developments for ultra-low power and high-end transceiver (TRX) designs using CMOS technology nodes ranging from low-cost to highest performance.Keywords: RF; ultra-low-power; wireless architectures; transceiver; mixed-signal circuits; 5G Von Mikrowatt zu Gigabit: Herausforderungen beim Design moderner Funkübertragungssysteme. Neben der Einführung der zellularen Mobilfunknetze der fünften Generation (5G) muss sich auch die integrierte HochfrequenzSchaltungstechnik einer noch nie dagewesenen Breite an unterschiedlichen Anforderungen stellen: Auf der einen Seite gibt es überall kabellose Sensornetzwerke, denen nur eine geringe Menge an Versorgungsleistung im MikrowattBereich zur Verfügung steht. Daher müssen die Chips in diesem Bereich energieautark und möglichst kostengünstig entwickelt werden. Aufgrund der zu erwartenden hohen Stückzahlen (Milliarden von unterschiedlichsten Sensoren für verschiedene Anwendungen) sind eine drahtgebundene Energieversorgung oder der Einsatz von Batterien in vielen Fällen praktisch unmöglich. Somit wird es für die Sensoren immer wichtiger, ihre Energieversorgung aus der Umgebung zu gewinnen (Stichwort Energy Harvesting).

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“…The biomedical industry is a major example; Yakovlev et al [2] used MPT to transfer energy to implantable biomedical devices, which had receiver chips that consumed close to 2 mW for wireless powering and data transfer. MPT has also been used for energy harvesting in radio frequency identification (RFID) tags at 900 MHz by Zoscher et al [3]. Furthermore, the literature showed us the various designs' key factor which is the radio frequency to direct current (RF-DC) conversion efficiency of the rectifier (or RF-DC converter) being between 55% and 72.5%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Design of an RF-DC Converter for a Low–Input Power Receiver

Seo

2017

J Electromagn Eng Sci

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Microwave wireless power transmission (MWPT) is a promising technique for low and medium power applications such as wireless charging for sensor network or for biomedical chips in case with long ranges or in dispersive media such. A key factor of the MWPT technique is its efficiency, which includes the wireless power transmission efficiency and the radio frequency (RF) to direct current (DC) voltage efficiency of RF-DC converter (which transforms RF energy to DC supply voltage). The main problem in designing an RF-DC converter is the nonlinear characteristic of Schottky diodes; this characteristic causes low efficiency, higher harmonics frequency and a change in the input impedance value when the RF input power changes. In this paper, rather than using harmonic termination techniques of class E or class F power amplifiers, which are usually used to improve the efficiency of RF-DC converters, we propose a new method called "optimal input impedance" to enhance the performance of our design. The results of simulations and measurements are presented in this paper along with a discussion of our design concerning its practical applications. This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ⓒ

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A differential threshold voltage compensated RF-DC power converter for RFID tag ICs

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Microwatt power management: challenges of on-chip energy harvesting

Microwatt power management: challenges of on-chip energy harvesting

From microwatt to gigabit: challenges of modern radio design

A Novel Design of an RF-DC Converter for a Low–Input Power Receiver

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