“…Likewise, Spanish sportsmen, most of them Catalans, attended various sporting events organized by the workers' movement during the war, especially the Antwerp Workers' Olympics (García Candau, 2007 ; Arrechea, 2019 ) and the events organized by the Fédération Sportive et Gymnique du Travail (FSGT) in France (L'Humanité, 1937 ). Pro-Franco rebels, however, from the beginning of the war used sport as a diplomatic weapon (Domínguez and Pujadas, 2011 ), a usual Francoist strategy during the next years (Viuda-Serrano, 2010 ), with the clear intention of legitimizing the rebel institutions at an international level, creating a double sporting officialdom with governing bodies different from the Republican ones. The rebels were victorious in this war too, for in 1937 they achieved international recognition for the new Spanish Football Federation from FIFA and for the new Spanish Olympic Committee from the IOC.…”