A Discussion of the Challenges Confronting Archaeology and Its Practice in Nigeria

Nomishan, Terngu S.; Gubam, Dimas; Tubi, Paul-Kolade

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3947391

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Others who had charms to protect themselves from being arrested by security men, got arrested after the Swem oath made their charms powerless. There is also a general believe that the lack of morality and good values among contemporary African people, is as a result of the abandonment of real African cultures and traditions which were responsible for united, peaceful and morally conscious African societies in the past (Itanyi and Nwankwo, 2019;Nomishan et al, 2021;Gubam and Nomishan, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Tiv people continued with this tradition in the Middle Benue Valley until the 1990s when the Pentecostal churches began massive crusades against the Swem oath and other cultural heritage (CH) objects in Tivland as was also done elsewhere in Nigeria (Nomishan et al, 2021). The Swem pot and these other CHs were regarded by the pastors and their followers as barbaric, fetish, ungodly and uncivilized objects, thereby continuously calling for their abandonment (Eyo, 1994;Fasuyi, 1973).…”

Section: The Swem As An Oath Of Justice Among the Tivmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Swem: The Tangible and Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Tiv of Central Nigeria

Nomishan

2022

THJ

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The Tiv are a major ethnic group in the Middle Belt Region of Nigeria. Scholarly writings about the Tiv usually make mention of Swem as either the ‘ancestral home’ of the Tiv, or an ‘Oath of justice’ sworn by the Tiv people to prove innocence and cleanse the land to avert calamities. To this end, ‘Swem’ stands as a tangible and intangible heritage of the Tiv. This paper examines the nexus between the Tiv and the Swem, and its impact on the culture and traditions of the Tiv people. Data for this research was elicited from primary sources such as oral traditions, and ethnographic survey. Secondary sources such as published books, journals, and monographs were also used in this study. Today, though the Swem tradition is significant in the cultural history of the Tiv people, it is fast going into extinction. Thus, this paper becomes timely and most appropriate for the documentation of the Swem tradition, being part of the cultural heritage of the Tiv people. This documentation will enable a scholarly preservation of the tradition for posterity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Swem As An Oath Of Justice Among the Tivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swem: The Tangible and Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Tiv of Central Nigeria

Nomishan

2022

THJ

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“…This can be attributed to lapses associated with the enforcement of the relevant laws guiding the activities of the Commission. Today, a lot of Nigeria's CH resources have found their way into different museums in other countries of the world through the activities of antiquity looter as well as professionals including Museum officials (Rodney, 1972;Akinade, 1999;Eluyemi, 2002;Onyima, 2006;Ojedokun, 2012;Gundu, 2014Gundu, , 2020Nomishan et al, 2021).…”

Section: Appraisal Of the Decree No 77 Of 1979mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be attributed to the inability of the Federal government to acknowledge the role of the public in safeguarding these heritage materials and the need to also involve them in the formulation of laws related to heritage protection. Nigeria inherited the colonial system of heritage management which did not put into consideration the interest of local people regarding their heritage (Ugwuanyi, 2018;Nomishan et al, 2021). With this situation most communities feel alienated from their heritage and are no longer interested in its maintenance.…”

Section: Appraisal Of the Decree No 77 Of 1979mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Decree No. 77 of 1979 and Nigeria’s Cultural Heritage: An Appraisal

Nomishan

2021

SSRN Journal

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“…But, in many cases, public works may lead to demolition of historic buildings or separation between various parts of a site. A good example of this is the demolition of part of the Kano ancient city wall, and the destruction of CH materials via construction projects in Abuja (Nomishan et al , 2021) and other cities in the country. War and Crisis : A war and/or crisis can bring anarchy to a country; both of them bring damage to heritage sites. Some examples of damage caused by war and crisis include the looting of Syria's historical heritage and antiquities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural heritage management and the effect of corruption in Nigeria: hampering sustainable development via cultural heritage destruction

Nomishan

Tubi

Gubam

2021

JCHMSD

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PurposeThe aim of this research is to discuss the effect of corruption on conventional management of cultural heritage (CH) resources in Nigeria. It identifies the means by which the effect can be curtailed to bring about proper management system in the CH sector and pave the way for economic/sustainable development through cultural tourism in the country.Design/methodology/approachThe research draws from both exploratory and comparative approaches. It took a study of selected locations and museums in the six geopolitical zones of the country, with a review of literatures on cultural heritage management (CHM). It also gives summarized information on the present overall effect of corruption in the CH sector of Nigeria.FindingsThe research reveals that there are some levels of mismanagement and destruction of CH resources in the country. This is manifested in acts of museum theft, illicit trafficking, unlawful possession and general mishandling of CH, as well as the deterioration of facilities in the sector. The research gathered that the problem came as a result of wrongful appointment of none heritage experts as heads of heritage-related institutions and agencies. It also results from lack of required attention by the government and other relevant stakeholders (such as community leaders/members, academics and law enforcement agencies, inter alia) toward CH preservation, protection, management and promotion for sustainable development. The research recommends that the government and other CH stakeholders (mentioned above) should make efforts to address the issues discussed, so as to improve the management of CH in the country for sustainable development.Originality/valuePrior to this research, there has been no publication addressing the effect of corruption on CHM in this context and location. The article makes recommendations that call for action and also set grounds for future discourse.

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A Discussion of the Challenges Confronting Archaeology and Its Practice in Nigeria

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Swem: The Tangible and Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Tiv of Central Nigeria

Swem: The Tangible and Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Tiv of Central Nigeria

The Decree No. 77 of 1979 and Nigeria’s Cultural Heritage: An Appraisal

Cultural heritage management and the effect of corruption in Nigeria: hampering sustainable development via cultural heritage destruction

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